Castilleja chlorotica |
Castilleja exserta |
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green tinged paintbrush, green-tinged or Gearheart Mountain paintbrush, greentinge Indian paintbrush |
castilleja exserta, escobita, exserted Indian paintbrush, owl's clover, purple owl's-clover, purple painted-cup |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 0.8–3.1 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, annual, 0.1–4.5 dm; with fibrous roots. | ||||||||
Stems | several to many, erect to ascending, unbranched, sometimes branched near base, hairs spreading, long, soft, eglandular, mixed with dense, short stipitate-glandular ones. |
solitary, erect to ascending, unbranched or diffusely branched from near base, hairs spreading, medium length and long, stiff, mixed with short stipitate-glandular ones. |
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Leaves | green, narrowly to broadly lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 9–35 cm, not fleshy, margins wavy, involute, 0(–3)-lobed, distal sometimes 3-lobed, apex narrowly acuminate; lobes ascending or spreading, linear to lanceolate, apex acute to obtuse. |
green, sometimes purple to brownish, linear or ovate to orbicular in outline, (0.8–)1–5(–7.7) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, (0–)3–9(–11)-lobed, sometimes with secondary lobing, apex acuminate to rounded or acute; lobes spreading, filiform or linear to narrowly spatulate, apex acute to acuminate or rounded. |
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Inflorescences | 3–9(–18) × 2–3 cm; bracts green to pale green to rarely dull purplish brown throughout, distally rarely with pale yellow apices, narrowly lanceolate to narrowly elliptic to sometimes broadly lanceolate, 3-lobed, wavy-margined; lobes spreading or ascending, narrowly lanceolate, medium length, arising at or above mid length, sometimes wavy-margined, apex obtuse to acute. |
1.5–20 × 2–4 cm; bracts proximally greenish, dark purple, brownish purple, or white, distally pink, lavender, magenta, light purple, or white on lobe apices, lanceolate to elliptic or narrowly ovate, (3–)5(–9)-lobed, often with 2–4 secondary lobes; lobes ascending to spreading, linear to filiform or narrowly spatulate, medium length to long, arising below or above mid length, apex rounded to acute. |
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Corollas | conspicuously decurved distally, 18–22 mm; tube 11–14 mm; beak exserted, adaxially green to yellow-green or yellow, 6–8 mm; abaxial lip green, reduced, fleshy, included, 1.5–2 mm, 25% as long as beak, sparsely hairy, hairs spreading; teeth ascending, green, 0.5–1 mm. |
straight, 12–33 mm; tube 7–20 mm; beak slightly exserted, hooked near apex, adaxially pink-purple to magenta, rarely white, 5–13 mm, margins colored as bracts, densely villous-hairy; abaxial lip proximally pink, purple, or magenta, rarely yellow or white, with maroon or deep purple distal to that and white to yellow or pink distally, often with purple spots, distal pale color often aging deep pink or deep red, strongly inflated, pouches 3, 3–8 mm wide, 3–4 mm deep, 3–9 mm, 67–80% as long as beak; teeth erect, white, yellow, or purple, often with purple or maroon spots, 0.5–2 mm. |
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Calyces | green or yellowish green, 15–19 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 9–11 mm, 60% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 3.5–7 mm, 15–25% of calyx length; lobes broadly or narrowly triangular, taller than wide, apex acute to obtuse. |
colored as bracts, 10–26 mm; abaxial clefts 4–12 mm, adaxial 9–18 mm, abaxial ca. 50% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 67% of calyx length, at least adaxial deeper than others, lateral 2.5–9 mm, 15–45% of calyx length; lobes linear (to narrowly oblanceolate), apex rounded to acute. |
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Filaments | with spreading, long, soft hairs. |
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2n | = 24. |
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Castilleja chlorotica |
Castilleja exserta |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | |||||||||
Habitat | Dry open pine forests, often with sagebrush understory, rocky ridges and summits, montane to subalpine. | |||||||||
Elevation | 2000–2500 m. (6600–8200 ft.) | |||||||||
Distribution |
OR |
AZ; CA; NM; nw Mexico
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Discussion | Castilleja chlorotica is an uncommon to rare endemic on dry slopes in Deschutes, Klamath, Lake, and possibly Crook counties in central Oregon. The hooked corolla beak and greenish bracts, often aging purplish distally, help distinguish it from similar species such as C. glandulifera and yellow forms of C. applegatei var. pinetorum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). In addition to the characters in the key, Castilleja exserta is distinguished from the similar C. densiflora by its conspicuously hairy and apically hooked beak. As a result, the capitate stigma is exserted more or less horizontally from the corolla beak. In contrast, C. densiflora has an unhooked, inconspicuously puberulent beak, from which the stigma emerges more vertically. Castilleja exserta hybridizes with C. attenuata in southern California and with C. lineariloba in central California, and it reportedly crosses occasionally with C. densiflora in southern California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 594. | FNA vol. 17, p. 606. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Orthocarpus exsertus | |||||||||
Name authority | Piper: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 33: 104. (1920) | (A. Heller) T. I. Chuang & Heckard: Syst. Bot. 16: 657. (1991) | ||||||||
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