Castilleja cervina |
Castilleja uliginosa |
|
---|---|---|
deer Indian paintbrush, deer paintbrush |
Pitkin Marsh Indian paintbrush, Pitkin Marsh paintbrush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, (2.3–)3–8 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, perennial, 3–5 dm; from a woody caudex; rhizomatous. |
Stems | solitary or few to many, erect, branched distally, sometimes unbranched or with short, leafy branches in axils of leaves, glabrous, sometimes hairy, hairs moderately dense, spreading, short, soft, eglandular. |
several, decumbent proximally and sometimes becoming weakly rhizomatous, becoming ascending to erect, unbranched or often branched proximally, hairs spreading, short and long, soft, mixed eglandular and stipitate-glandular. |
Leaves | green, sometimes purplish, linear or narrowly lanceolate, 1–9 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, 3–5(–9)-lobed, apex acuminate to narrowly acute; lobes spreading, linear, arising near or below mid length, apex acute, rarely obtuse. |
green, lanceolate or broadly lanceolate, 3–5 cm, much reduced distally, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes ± wavy, flat, 0-lobed, apex acute to rounded. |
Inflorescences | 3–15(–20) × 1.5–3 cm; bracts proximally pale greenish to pale yellowish green, distally white, cream, or pale yellow, sometimes pale greenish, pale yellow-green, or pale yellow throughout, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 3–5(–7)-lobed; lobes ascending or spreading, linear to very narrowly linear, long, arising above or below mid length, apex acute to obtuse. |
10–30 × 3–4 cm; bracts pale yellow to cream throughout, or proximally pale greenish near base, distally pale yellow to cream, broadly lanceolate, 3-lobed; lobes ascending, narrowly lanceolate, long, arising near mid length, apex narrowly acute or acuminate. |
Corollas | straight or ± curved, 16–25 mm; tube 15–17 mm; beak exserted from calyx, adaxially green, 5–7 mm; abaxial lip deep green, reduced, exserted through abaxial cleft, 1–4 mm, 40–60% as long as beak; teeth erect, white, 0.5–1 mm. |
slightly curved, 22–30 mm; tube 11–15 mm; beak partly exserted, adaxially whitish, yellowish, or greenish, 10–15 mm; abaxial lip green, small, protuberant, 3 mm, ca. 20% as long as beak; teeth erect to incurved, green, to 1 mm. |
Calyces | green, rarely pale purple, lobes white, cream, or pale yellow, 18–24(–27) mm; abaxial clefts (6–)8–16 mm, adaxial 4–10(–14) mm, abaxial 45–60% of calyx length, adaxial 15–40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–4 mm, 5–15% of calyx length; lobes narrowly triangular to linear, apex acute. |
colored as bracts, 20–25 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 7–14 mm, ca. 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 5–6 mm, ca. 33% of calyx length; lobes linear, apex acute, ciliate. |
2n | = 24. |
|
Castilleja cervina |
Castilleja uliginosa |
|
Phenology | Flowering (May–)Jun–Jul. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Open pine forests and grasslands, rocky balds and dry subalpine meadows. | Margins of wet meadows, marshes, and wet thickets. |
Elevation | 500–2000 m. (1600–6600 ft.) | 40–60 m. (100–200 ft.) |
Distribution |
ID; WA; BC
|
CA |
Discussion | Castilleja cervina is found across northern Washington, from the eastern slope of the Cascade Range, east to northern Idaho and north to southern British Columbia. Plants at higher elevations are dwarfed. Reports from Montana need verification. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja uliginosa is endemic to Pitkin Marsh in Sonoma County. It differs from C. miniata by its uniformly pale yellow inflorescences and pubescent stems, as well as by its disjunct, low-elevation habitat. Much of its available habitat was destroyed by development, and it is apparently now extirpated from the wild. It survives in the form of tissue clones from the last wild plant, backcrossed with C. miniata by L. R. Heckard in the 1980s and maintained since then in the greenhouses at the University of California at Berkeley. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 593. | FNA vol. 17, p. 662. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Greenman: Bot. Gaz. 25: 269. (1898) — (as Castilleia) | Eastwood: Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 117. (1942) |
Web links |