Castilleja cervina |
Castilleja flava |
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deer Indian paintbrush, deer paintbrush |
rustic paintbrush, yellow Indian paintbrush, yellow paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, (2.3–)3–8 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, perennial, 1.5–5.5(–7.5) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | ||||
Stems | solitary or few to many, erect, branched distally, sometimes unbranched or with short, leafy branches in axils of leaves, glabrous, sometimes hairy, hairs moderately dense, spreading, short, soft, eglandular. |
several to many, erect or ascending, often grayish, unbranched or often branched distally, glabrate proximally or hairy, especially distally, rarely glabrous, hairs sparse, spreading to appressed, usually curly, ± short, soft, sometimes mixed with sparse, short stipitate-glandular ones. |
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Leaves | green, sometimes purplish, linear or narrowly lanceolate, 1–9 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, 3–5(–9)-lobed, apex acuminate to narrowly acute; lobes spreading, linear, arising near or below mid length, apex acute, rarely obtuse. |
often grayish or purplish, linear to narrowly lanceolate or narrowly oblong, (1–)2.5–5(–6.7) cm, not fleshy, margins plane or wavy, involute, deeply (0–)3–5(–7)-lobed, apex acute to acuminate; lobes divaricate to spreading or ascending, linear, arising at or below mid length, apex acute to acuminate. |
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Inflorescences | 3–15(–20) × 1.5–3 cm; bracts proximally pale greenish to pale yellowish green, distally white, cream, or pale yellow, sometimes pale greenish, pale yellow-green, or pale yellow throughout, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 3–5(–7)-lobed; lobes ascending or spreading, linear to very narrowly linear, long, arising above or below mid length, apex acute to obtuse. |
3.5–20(–29) × 1–4 cm; bracts pale green to pale yellow throughout, or proximally pale green to pale yellow, distally pale yellow to bright yellow, sometimes light orange, light red, or bright red, lanceolate to narrowly oblong or narrowly elliptic, slightly broader than leaves, usually 3–5-lobed; lobes ± spreading, linear or narrowly lanceolate, short or long, proximal or all bracts arising near or below mid length, apex acute, sometimes narrowly obtuse. |
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Corollas | straight or ± curved, 16–25 mm; tube 15–17 mm; beak exserted from calyx, adaxially green, 5–7 mm; abaxial lip deep green, reduced, exserted through abaxial cleft, 1–4 mm, 40–60% as long as beak; teeth erect, white, 0.5–1 mm. |
straight or ± curved, 13–30 mm; tube 12–16 mm; beak, sometimes abaxial lip, slightly to strongly exserted, corolla often curved and exserted through abaxial cleft; beak adaxially green, (5–)6–12 mm; abaxial lip green or yellow, reduced, exserted or more commonly visible in cleft in calyx, 1–3.5 mm, 20–33(–50)% as long as beak; teeth ascending, green to yellow, 0.5–2 mm. |
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Calyces | green, rarely pale purple, lobes white, cream, or pale yellow, 18–24(–27) mm; abaxial clefts (6–)8–16 mm, adaxial 4–10(–14) mm, abaxial 45–60% of calyx length, adaxial 15–40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–4 mm, 5–15% of calyx length; lobes narrowly triangular to linear, apex acute. |
proximally green, sometimes purple or pinkish, distally yellow to light orange, dull green, or colored as bracts, 11–28 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 4–16(–17) mm, 30–60(–95)% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–7 mm, 4–30% of calyx length; lobes linear to lanceolate or narrowly to broadly triangular, apex acute to acuminate. |
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2n | = 24. |
= 48. |
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Castilleja cervina |
Castilleja flava |
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Phenology | Flowering (May–)Jun–Jul. | |||||
Habitat | Open pine forests and grasslands, rocky balds and dry subalpine meadows. | |||||
Elevation | 500–2000 m. (1600–6600 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
ID; WA; BC
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CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WY
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Discussion | Castilleja cervina is found across northern Washington, from the eastern slope of the Cascade Range, east to northern Idaho and north to southern British Columbia. Plants at higher elevations are dwarfed. Reports from Montana need verification. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Both varieties of Castilleja flava are characteristic plants of sagebrush-dominated communities throughout its wide range, from valleys to moderate elevations in the mountains, sometimes reaching the lower subalpine. The species almost always occurs in close association with shrubby species of Artemisia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 593. | FNA vol. 17, p. 607. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Greenman: Bot. Gaz. 25: 269. (1898) — (as Castilleia) | S. Watson: Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 230. (1871) — (as Castilleia) | ||||
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