Castilleja campestris |
Castilleja mexicana |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
field owl's-clover, meadow paintbrush, vernal pool Indian paintbrush, yellow owl's clover |
Mexican Indian paintbrush, Mexican paintbrush |
|||||
Habit | Herbs, annual, (0.3–)0.9–3 dm; with fibrous roots. | Herbs, annual or short-lived perennial, 0.6–3 dm; from a woody caudex; with a slender taproot. | ||||
Stems | solitary or few, erect, unbranched, sometimes branched, glabrous or hairs sparse proximally, spreading, long, soft distally. |
solitary or few, erect to erect-ascending, sometimes slightly curved at base, branched at base or unbranched, hairs spreading, long, stiff to soft, mixed with shorter stipitate-glandular ones. |
||||
Leaves | green, sometimes purple-tinged, linear to narrowly lanceolate, (0.4–)1–4 cm, not fleshy, thin and flexible or thick and ± brittle, margins plane, involute, 0-lobed, apex acuminate. |
brown or purplish, sometimes green, linear to narrowly oblong, 1–5 cm, not fleshy, margins wavy, mostly involute, to flat, 3–5-lobed, apex acute; lobes spreading, linear, apex acute to obtuse. |
||||
Inflorescences | 2–15 × 2–3 cm; bracts green throughout, sometimes purplish tinged, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 0-lobed, apex acute. |
2–17 × 1.5–6.5 cm; bracts greenish throughout, narrowly lanceolate (ovate in outline), 3–5(–7)-lobed; lobes spreading, linear to narrowly oblong, long, arising from 1/3–2/3 blade length, wavy-margined, apex rounded or obtuse to acute. |
||||
Corollas | straight, 11–26 mm; tube 10–22 mm; abaxial lip, beak, and part of tube exserted from calyx; beak adaxially white or yellow, 3–6 mm; abaxial lip yellow, sometimes orange, paler near teeth, prominent, deeply saccate with 3 lobes at ca. 90° from one another, pouches 6–10 mm wide, 3–4 mm deep, abruptly widening from tube, sacs ± round or ± rounded-triangular from above, villous within at base of teeth, 4–5 mm (2–4 mm from sinus), 70–90% as long as beak, puberulent; teeth erect, white, sometimes with deeply colored bases, 0.5–2 mm. |
straight proximally, conspicuously decurved distally, 35–60 mm; tube 26–46 mm; abaxial lip, beak, and majority of tube exserted; beak yellow to yellowish green, sometimes purplish tipped or drying pinkish, 9–15 mm; abaxial lip light yellow to whitish, prominent, not inflated, 4–8 mm, 50–75% as long as beak; teeth spreading-ascending, yellowish, 3–6 mm. |
||||
Calyces | proximally green, pale, or purplish, distally purple or green, 5.5–11 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 2–5 mm, 30–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–2.5 mm, 25–30% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate to narrowly triangular, apex acute to acuminate. |
proximally brownish green, purplish, or green, lobes tipped with same color as bracts, 18–28 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 6–14 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–6 mm, 8–20% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to narrowly triangular, abaxials wider than adaxials, apex acute. |
||||
2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
||||
Castilleja campestris |
Castilleja mexicana |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering Feb–Oct. | |||||
Habitat | Dry rocky slopes, grasslands, pinyon-juniper stands. | |||||
Elevation | 1200–2100 m. (3900–6900 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR
|
TX; Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)
|
||||
Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Castilleja campestris is sometimes confused with Triphysaria eriantha subsp. eriantha, but C. campestris has two-celled anthers and entire leaves, while T. eriantha has one pollen sac per stamen and strongly divided leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja mexicana occurs in the northern third of Mexico and reaches the flora area only in southwestern Texas. Its conspicuous corollas can be either yellow or, less commonly, white. In both cases, the flowers turn soft pink-purple with age. Texas populations of this species are yellow flowered, and the white-flowered morph appears to occur only in northeastern Mexico. There is some indication of additional morphological differences between these color morphs that may justify varietal segregation. Castilleja mexicana is sometimes confused with the closely related C. sessiliflora, due to their conspicuous, distally curved, usually strongly exserted corollas, but the two species remain distinct. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 592. | FNA vol. 17, p. 626. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Orthocarpus campestris | Orthocarpus mexicanus, C. tortifolia | ||||
Name authority | (Bentham) T. I. Chuang & Heckard: Syst. Bot. 16: 656. (1991) | (Hemsley) A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 404. (1886) — (as Castilleia) | ||||
Web links |