Castilleja campestris |
Castilleja kraliana |
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field owl's-clover, meadow paintbrush, vernal pool Indian paintbrush, yellow owl's clover |
Cahaba Indian paintbrush, Kral's paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, (0.3–)0.9–3 dm; with fibrous roots. | Herbs, annual or biennial, (1.6–)2–4(–4.9) dm; with fibrous roots. | ||||
Stems | solitary or few, erect, unbranched, sometimes branched, glabrous or hairs sparse proximally, spreading, long, soft distally. |
solitary or few, erect, from a basal rosette that usually persists into anthesis, unbranched or few-branched from mid stem, glabrate proximally, hairy distally, hairs moderately dense, spreading, long, soft, mixed with short stipitate-glandular ones. |
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Leaves | green, sometimes purple-tinged, linear to narrowly lanceolate, (0.4–)1–4 cm, not fleshy, thin and flexible or thick and ± brittle, margins plane, involute, 0-lobed, apex acuminate. |
basal forming a persistent rosette, often withered at anthesis, usually suffused to varying degrees with red, sometimes green, oblanceolate to oblong-oblanceolate, 2–6 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat, 0-lobed, apex obtuse to broadly rounded to sometimes acute or subtruncate; cauline green, sometimes proximal suffused with red or purple, linear to linear-lanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, 1.1–6.5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat, 0–3(–5)-lobed, apex usually acute, rarely obtuse; lobes erect to ascending, narrowly oblong to linear or narrowly lanceolate, to 1.8 cm, apex acute. |
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Inflorescences | 2–15 × 2–3 cm; bracts green throughout, sometimes purplish tinged, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 0-lobed, apex acute. |
(2–)4–24(–33) × 2–4 cm; bracts proximally greenish, distally bright yellow, rarely light orange, proximal narrowly lanceolate, leaflike, distal oblong to broadly rounded-oblanceolate, continuing to grow after anthesis and becoming greener and more leaflike, lateral lobes, if present, growing even more than central lobe, 0–5-lobed; lobes erect, triangular or lanceolate, sometimes linear, short or medium length, arising above mid length, proximal bract apex acute, distal rounded, rarely central lobe shallowly toothed. |
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Corollas | straight, 11–26 mm; tube 10–22 mm; abaxial lip, beak, and part of tube exserted from calyx; beak adaxially white or yellow, 3–6 mm; abaxial lip yellow, sometimes orange, paler near teeth, prominent, deeply saccate with 3 lobes at ca. 90° from one another, pouches 6–10 mm wide, 3–4 mm deep, abruptly widening from tube, sacs ± round or ± rounded-triangular from above, villous within at base of teeth, 4–5 mm (2–4 mm from sinus), 70–90% as long as beak, puberulent; teeth erect, white, sometimes with deeply colored bases, 0.5–2 mm. |
straight or slightly curved, (15–)17–23 mm; tube 8–11 mm; abaxial lip rarely exserted, beak exserted; beak adaxially green or yellow-green, 5–7 mm, margins yellow or yellow-green; abaxial lip ascending, deep green, slightly inflated, 2–3 mm, 20–30% as long as beak, apex rounded; teeth ascending, green, whitish, or yellow, 0.5–2 mm. |
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Calyces | proximally green, pale, or purplish, distally purple or green, 5.5–11 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 2–5 mm, 30–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–2.5 mm, 25–30% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate to narrowly triangular, apex acute to acuminate. |
proximally whitish or pale green, often aging purple, distally yellow, (13–)15–18 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 4–7 mm, 40–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–0.2 mm, ca. 0% of calyx length; lobes curved, oblong, apex rounded to truncate, sometimes emarginate. |
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2n | = 24. |
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Castilleja campestris |
Castilleja kraliana |
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Phenology | Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Jun(–Jul). | |||||
Habitat | Full sun or partial shade, outcrops and glades, forest edges, river bluffs, Ketona dolomite. | |||||
Elevation | 90–150 m. (300–500 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR
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AL |
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Castilleja campestris is sometimes confused with Triphysaria eriantha subsp. eriantha, but C. campestris has two-celled anthers and entire leaves, while T. eriantha has one pollen sac per stamen and strongly divided leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja kraliana is restricted to dolomite glades in Bibb County, which is a local center of endemism near the Cahaba River. Castilleja kraliana has mostly entire, bright yellow bracts and calyces 13–18 mm, and differs from the related C. coccinea, which has deeply lobed and red, rarely yellow, bracts and calyces 17–28 mm. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 592. | FNA vol. 17, p. 617. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Orthocarpus campestris | |||||
Name authority | (Bentham) T. I. Chuang & Heckard: Syst. Bot. 16: 656. (1991) | J. R. Allison: Castanea 66: 159, fig. 3. (2001) | ||||
Web links |