Castilleja attenuata |
Castilleja nelsonii |
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attenuate Indian paintbrush, attenuate paintbrush, narrow-leaf owl's-clover, narrow-leaf owl-clover, narrow-leaf paintbrush, valley-tassels |
Arizona or southern mountains paintbrush, Rincon Mountain Indian paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 1–4.5 dm; with fibrous roots. | Herbs, perennial, 2.5–8(–10) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot or branched root system. |
Stems | solitary, erect to ascending, unbranched, sometimes branched from base, hairs spreading, short and medium, ± stiff, eglandular. |
few to many, ascending to erect, unbranched or often strongly and diffusely branched distally, hairs sparse to dense, spreading to matted, long proximally on stem, becoming puberulent distally, ± stiff, eglandular, often mixed with retrorse shorter ones. |
Leaves | green to purple-tinged, linear to linear-lanceolate, (1–)2–8 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat, 0(–5)-lobed, apex acuminate; lobes spreading to ascending, filiform to lanceolate, apex sometimes acuminate. |
green, linear-lanceolate or narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 2–6.5(–8) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat to involute, 0(–3)-lobed, apex acute; lobes ascending, lanceolate, apex acute to obtuse. |
Inflorescences | (1.5–)2–10(–19, –30 in fruit) × 1–2 cm; bracts proximally green to pale brown, rarely dull reddish brown, distally white on apices, sometimes pale yellow or pale pink-purplish on apices, rarely greenish or dull reddish brown throughout, lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, 3(–5)-lobed; lobes ascending, linear to lanceolate, long, arising below mid length, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse. |
(2.5–)5–15 × 2–4.5 cm; bracts proximally greenish, distally scarlet to red or orange-red, rarely yellow or crimson, veins usually yellow or yellow-green, contrasting conspicuously with base color, lanceolate or elliptic to oblanceolate or obovate, 0–3(–5)-lobed; lobes ascending, lanceolate to triangular, medium length, arising above mid length, apex rounded to obtuse. |
Corollas | straight, 10–25 mm; tube 9–20 mm, not expanded distally; beak exserted, straight, adaxially white, light yellow, or greenish, 3–5 mm, inconspicuously puberulent; abaxial lip white or yellow with deep brown to purple spots, often becoming pink, slightly inflated, exserted or not, pouches 3, 2 mm wide, 1–1.5 mm deep, 3–4 mm, 75–80% as long as beak; teeth erect, white, pale yellow, or pink, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
slightly curved, 15–35 mm, subequal to calyx or beak partially to strongly exserted; tube 15–17 mm; beak adaxially yellowish green, 10–16 mm; abaxial lip green, reduced, ± pouched, 0.5–1.5 mm, 4–10% as long as beak; teeth incurved, deep green, 0.7–1 mm. |
Calyces | colored as bracts, (8–)15–23 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts (4–)6–8 mm, abaxial ca. 50% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 75% of calyx length, lateral 3–3.5 mm, 33% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly triangular, apex acute to acuminate. |
mostly yellowish throughout, with a thin reddish apex, 15–27 mm; abaxial clefts (5–)9–11 mm, adaxial 4.5–9.5 mm, clefts 25–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–4 mm, 10–20% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate to triangular, apex acute to acuminate, rarely ± obtuse. |
Filaments | glabrous. |
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2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
Castilleja attenuata |
Castilleja nelsonii |
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Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Mar–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Oct. |
Habitat | Grasslands, pastures, moist margins of springs and streams, damp rocky slopes. | Rocky slopes, meadows, riparian zones, moist ground in open forests, montane to subalpine. |
Elevation | 0–2100 m. (0–6900 ft.) | 1900–3100 m. (6200–10200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California); South America (Chile)
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AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Nayarit, Sonora)
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Discussion | Castilleja attenuata is a common and widespread species, ranging from southwestern Canada to northern Baja California, with several disjunct populations in central Chile. It is sensitive to competition from weeds. Disjunct populations in the Rincon Mountains in Pima County, Arizona, often have pink bracts but are otherwise typical. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja nelsonii is fairly common in the upper elevations of the so-called sky island ranges from central and eastern Arizona to adjacent New Mexico, southward into the Sierra Madre Occidental, at least as far south as southern Chihuahua, where the type collection was obtained on Cerro Mohinora. Although it was long known in the United States as C. austromontana, the name C. nelsonii has priority. Some specimens from southern Coconino County, Arizona, approach C. miniata, but most material is easily separable. Castilleja nelsonii occasionally hybridizes with C. mogollonica in Apache County, Arizona, near the border of the range of the former. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 590. | FNA vol. 17, p. 633. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Orthocarpus attenuatus | C. austromontana |
Name authority | (A. Gray) T. I. Chuang & Heckard: Syst. Bot. 16: 656. (1991) | Eastwood: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 579. (1909) |
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