Castilleja attenuata |
Castilleja nana |
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attenuate Indian paintbrush, attenuate paintbrush, narrow-leaf owl's-clover, narrow-leaf owl-clover, narrow-leaf paintbrush, valley-tassels |
alpine paintbrush, dwarf alpine Indian paintbrush, dwarf alpine paintbrush, dwarf paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 1–4.5 dm; with fibrous roots. | Herbs, perennial, 0.4–1.7 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. |
Stems | solitary, erect to ascending, unbranched, sometimes branched from base, hairs spreading, short and medium, ± stiff, eglandular. |
few to several, ascending to decumbent-based, unbranched, hairs spreading, long, soft to stiff, mixed with shorter stipitate-glandular ones. |
Leaves | green to purple-tinged, linear to linear-lanceolate, (1–)2–8 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat, 0(–5)-lobed, apex acuminate; lobes spreading to ascending, filiform to lanceolate, apex sometimes acuminate. |
green to deep purple, linear to narrowly lanceolate, (0.5–)1–2.5(–3.1) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat to slightly involute, 3(–7)-lobed, apex acuminate; lobes ascending-erect, linear to filiform, apex acute to obtuse. |
Inflorescences | (1.5–)2–10(–19, –30 in fruit) × 1–2 cm; bracts proximally green to pale brown, rarely dull reddish brown, distally white on apices, sometimes pale yellow or pale pink-purplish on apices, rarely greenish or dull reddish brown throughout, lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, 3(–5)-lobed; lobes ascending, linear to lanceolate, long, arising below mid length, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse. |
15–20 × 1.5–3 cm; bracts greenish or deep purplish throughout, or proximally greenish or deep purplish, distally white, pink, magenta, reddish purple, purple, or pale yellow, distal coloration often limited to apices and margins, broadly lanceolate or narrowly to broadly elliptic, 0–3(–7)-lobed; lobes spreading, linear to narrowly oblanceolate, long, arising near mid length, apex acute or obtuse. |
Corollas | straight, 10–25 mm; tube 9–20 mm, not expanded distally; beak exserted, straight, adaxially white, light yellow, or greenish, 3–5 mm, inconspicuously puberulent; abaxial lip white or yellow with deep brown to purple spots, often becoming pink, slightly inflated, exserted or not, pouches 3, 2 mm wide, 1–1.5 mm deep, 3–4 mm, 75–80% as long as beak; teeth erect, white, pale yellow, or pink, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
straight, 10–16(–19) mm; tube 8–13 mm, with patches of blackish coloration on either side of distal portion; beak subequal to calyx or exserted, adaxially green, yellow, whitish, or pink, 3–5.5 mm, scarcely exceeding abaxial lip, margins brown or burgundy, sometimes pink; abaxial lip pale yellow, white, green, or purple, inflated, pouched, 2–5 mm, 65–95% as long as beak; teeth erect to slightly spreading, white, yellow, or pink, 0.5–2.1 mm. |
Calyces | colored as bracts, (8–)15–23 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts (4–)6–8 mm, abaxial ca. 50% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 75% of calyx length, lateral 3–3.5 mm, 33% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly triangular, apex acute to acuminate. |
green to purple, margins green, white, or pink, 10–19 mm; abaxial, adaxial, and lateral clefts 3.5–7(–10) mm, 33–55% of calyx length, all 4 clefts subequal; lobes linear, lanceolate-elliptic, or narrowly triangular, apex acute to rounded. |
Filaments | glabrous. |
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Stigmas | black. |
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2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
Castilleja attenuata |
Castilleja nana |
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Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Mar–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Grasslands, pastures, moist margins of springs and streams, damp rocky slopes. | Rocky or gravelly slopes, talus, ridges, fellfields, subalpine and alpine, often over granite. |
Elevation | 0–2100 m. (0–6900 ft.) | 1900–4300 m. (6200–14100 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California); South America (Chile)
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CA; NV; UT
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Discussion | Castilleja attenuata is a common and widespread species, ranging from southwestern Canada to northern Baja California, with several disjunct populations in central Chile. It is sensitive to competition from weeds. Disjunct populations in the Rincon Mountains in Pima County, Arizona, often have pink bracts but are otherwise typical. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja nana is limited to high elevations in the Sierra Nevada of California and the Great Basin ranges in central Nevada and western Utah. Plants with pink to purple inflorescences were described as C. lapidicola. Localized hybrid swarms between C. nana and C. viscidula are known from several mountain ranges in central and northern Nevada. Castilleja nana is sometimes confused with higher elevation forms of C. pilosa but can usually be distinguished from that species by the blackish patches on the sides of the corolla tube. Divergent populations in the central Sierra Nevada and adjacent White Mountains deserve further study. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 590. | FNA vol. 17, p. 633. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Orthocarpus attenuatus | C. lapidicola |
Name authority | (A. Gray) T. I. Chuang & Heckard: Syst. Bot. 16: 656. (1991) | Eastwood: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 3, 2: 289. (1902) — (as Castilleia) |
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