Castilleja affinis |
Castilleja lindheimeri |
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California paintbrush, coast Indian paintbrush, coast paintbrush, Indian paintbrush |
Lindheimer's paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 1.4–6 dm; caudex woody; with a taproot. | Herbs, perennial, 1.5–3 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | ||||||||
Stems | few to many, erect to ascending, unbranched or branched at proximal nodes, sometimes with short, leafy axillary branches, hairs sparse to dense, spreading, short and long, soft to stiff, unbranched, sometimes branched, eglandular, sometimes stipitate-glandular. |
several, erect or ascending, branched or unbranched, sometimes with axillary tufts of leaves, hairs spreading to ± appressed, ± matted, short, soft, eglandular. |
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Leaves | green or purplish, sometimes red-brown, linear or linear-oblong to broadly lanceolate, 2–13 cm, not or ± fleshy, margins wavy or plane, flat or involute, 0–5-lobed, sometimes with small secondary lobes, short, leafy axillary shoots common, usually conspicuous, apex acuminate or acute to rounded; lobes spreading, linear to lanceolate, lateral lobes almost as wide as mid blade, apex acute to rounded. |
green to purple, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1.3–7 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes ± wavy, involute, 3–5-lobed, apex acute to obtuse; lobes ascending, linear to narrowly lanceolate, apex acute. |
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Inflorescences | 3–25(–30) × 1.5–5 cm; bracts proximally green or deep purple, distally red, crimson, scarlet, pink, pinkish purple, pinkish red, or yellow, sometimes rose magenta, red-orange, or orange, oblanceolate or obovate to oblong or lanceolate, (0–)3–5(–7)-lobed; lobes spreading to ascending, linear to obovate, long, proximal lobes at or arising below mid length, apices acute to obtuse, center lobe sometimes rounded. |
4.5–18 × 1.5–3.5 cm; bracts proximally pale greenish to dull greenish brown, distally orange, reddish orange, or pale orange, sometimes reddish, lanceolate to oblong, 3(–5)-lobed; lobes ascending to spreading, linear to broadly lanceolate or oblanceolate, proximal ones usually arising below mid length, rarely at or above mid length, apex obtuse to acute. |
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Pedicels | 0 mm or nearly so. |
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Corollas | straight or ± curved, 17–40 mm; tube 10–15 mm; beak long-exserted to subequal to calyx, adaxially green, 7–20 mm, puberulent, eglandular; abaxial lip deep green to reddish, brown, or deep purple, reduced, inconspicuous, included in calyx, 1.5–3 mm, 15–25% as long as beak; teeth ascending, green, 0.5–2 mm. |
± curved, 30–40 mm; tube 20–27 mm; beak, sometimes teeth of abaxial lip, exserted; beak adaxially green to yellowish, 8–15 mm; abaxial lip green, reduced, 2–3.5 mm, 20–25% as long as beak; teeth prominent, petaloid, spreading to erect, colored as in distal portion of bracts, 0.5–3 mm. |
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Calyces | proximally pale or green, distally as in distal portion of bracts, 14–35 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 6–22 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–7 mm, 15–25% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate or oblong, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, sometimes curved upward. |
proximally greenish or pale, distally colored as bracts, 23–33 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 10–15 mm, 40–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 7–11 mm, 20–35% of calyx length; lobes oblong to broadly linear, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded, lateral ones acute to rounded. |
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2n | = 48, 72, 96. |
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Castilleja affinis |
Castilleja lindheimeri |
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Phenology | Flowering Jan–May. | |||||||||
Habitat | Rocky slopes, ridges, grasslands, pastures, open forests, roadsides, sometimes over limestone or granite. | |||||||||
Elevation | 200–800 m. (700–2600 ft.) | |||||||||
Distribution |
CA; nw Mexico
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TX
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Discussion | Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). Castilleja affinis is highly variable and one of the more common paintbrushes at lower elevations in California, west of the Sierra Nevada, from the northern coast south to northern Baja California. Some recent authors (for example, M. Wetherwax et al. 2012) include C. litoralis of the Pacific Northwest coast as a subspecies of C. affinis, but due to the high polyploid nature of C. litoralis and its significantly closer morphological resemblance to C. miniata var. dixonii, that treatment is not followed here. Also see the comments under 62. C. litoralis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja lindheimeri is endemic to the Edwards Plateau region. Unlike its close relatives, C. citrina and C. purpurea, most plants of C. lindheimeri have orange to reddish orange inflorescences, with smaller numbers varying to red. The leaves are also often less divided than in either C. citrina or C. purpurea. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 582. | FNA vol. 17, p. 622. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||||||
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Synonyms | C. purpurea var. lindheimeri | |||||||||
Name authority | Hooker & Arnott: Bot. Beechey Voy., 154. (1833) | A. Gray: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 298. (1878) — (as Castilleia) | ||||||||
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