Flora of North America species comparison

reddish brown, slender, slightly scaly, sometimes pubescent.

greenish, reddish, or orangish brown, retaining color or turning black on drying, stout or slender, hirsute or glabrous.

3-6 dm;

petiole 3-10 cm, rachis sparingly hirsute near base, densely hirsute and scaly distally.

3-6 dm;

petiole 4-13 cm, petiole and rachis hirsute or mainly glabrous.

(5-)7(-9), lateral petiolules 0-1 mm, terminal petiolules 2-5 mm;

blades ovate to obovate or elliptic, not falcate, 2-15 × 1-6 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, apex acuminate;

surfaces abaxially hirsute toward base of midrib, otherwise without hairs or rarely hirsute with unicellular and 2-8-rayed fasciculate hairs, abundant large peltate scales and small 4-lobed, irregular, and round peltate scales imparting silvery tan color, adaxially glabrous except for dense fasciculate hairs at base near leaf insertions, moderately to densely scaly in spring.

(3-)5(-7), lateral petiolules 0-1 mm, terminal petiolules 3-17 mm;

blades ovate, obovate, or elliptic, not falcate, 4-26 × 1-14 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, with tufts of hairs in axils of proximal veins of serrations, often weathering to only a few in fall, apex acute to acuminate;

surfaces abaxially hirsute with unicellular and 2-4-rayed fasciculate hairs, occasionally restricted to midrib and major veins or essentially without hairs, with few to many large peltate scales and small round, irregular, and 4-lobed peltate scales.

tan to reddish brown, obovoid to spheric or ellipsoid, slightly compressed, 3-4 × 2-3 cm;

husks rough, 2-4 mm thick, dehiscing to middle or base, sutures smooth;

nuts tan, obovoid to spheric or ellipsoid, slightly compressed, not angled, rugulose;

shells thick.

brown to reddish brown, spheric to depressed-spheric, not compressed, 2.5-4 × 2.5-4 cm;

husks rough, 4-15 mm thick, dehiscing to base, sutures smooth;

nuts tan, ovoid, obovoid, or ellipsoid, compressed, 4-angled, rugulose;

shells thick.

sweet.

sweet.

buds reddish brown, ovoid, 4-11 mm, sparsely to densely scaly;

outer bud scales with coarse hairs on midribs, bud scales imbricate;

axillary buds protected by bracteoles fused into hood.

buds tan to dark brown to black, ovoid, 6-18 mm, tomentose or nearly glabrous;

bud scales imbricate;

axillary buds protected by bracteoles fused into hood.

catkins pedunculate, to 13 cm, stalks hirsute, scaly, bracts scaly, hirsute at apex;

anthers hirsute.

catkins pedunculate, to 13 cm, stalks and bracts without hairs;

anthers hirsute.