Flora of North America species comparison

to 100 cm × 2 mm, scabrous.

15–120 cm.

sheath fronts spotted red-brown or pale brown, apex truncate or short-convex, membranous or hyaline, rugose;

ligule retuse or rounded, to 2 mm, free limb to 0.2 mm;

blades 120 cm × 5 mm, longer than flowering stem.

sheath white hyaline or green-veined, summits usually U-shaped, often prolonged to 4 mm beyond collar;

distal ligules 1–2.5(–4) mm;

blades 3–4(–5) per fertile culm, 10–30 cm × 1.2–4.2(–6.5) mm.

spicate, (3–)7–10 cm × 15 mm, with 10–15 branches, the proximal branches distinctly separate; the proximal internode to 25 mm;

bracts setaceous, those subtending at least the proximal lateral branches conspicuous.

dense or open, gold to dark brown, 0.9–2.8 cm × 6.7–16.3 mm;

proximal internode 0.7–4.5(–9) mm; 2d internode 0.7–4 mm;

proximal bracts usually scalelike, sometimes bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

3–9(–13), distinct or densely aggregated and individually indistinct, ovoid to broadly ovoid, 4.4–10 × 3.2–8.7 mm, appearing coarse-textured, base acute to rounded, apex rounded.

green to pale brown, veinless on both faces or 3-veined abaxially, body ovate or elliptic, 2–3.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, base obtuse;

beak 0.8–1.2 mm, 1/3–1/2 length of perigynium.

ascending to spreading, golden brown or coppery to blackish, conspicuously (0–)2–9-veined abaxially, conspicuously 0–4(–7)-veined adaxially, veins reaching top of achene, ovate to elliptic-ovate, plano-convex, 2.8–4.7(–5.1) × 1.1–2.3 mm, 0.5–0.7 mm thick, margin flat, including wing 0.2–0.4 mm wide, sometimes filled with pithlike tissue near base, ciliate-serrulate at least on distal body, occasionally with white margin, with metallic sheen;

beak red-brown to black at tip, sometimes white-hyaline, cylindric, unwinged, ± entire for 0.4–0.7 mm, suture usually inconspicuous, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.2(–2.8) mm.

red-brown, ovate, 1.2–1.4 × 1 mm, glossy.

elliptic to broadly ovate, 1.2–1.9 × 0.7–1.4 mm, 0.4–0.6 mm thick.

pale brown, hyaline, awn to 3 mm.

scales dark gold or red-brown to dark brown, usually with pale or green midstripe, ovate, 2.2–3.7(–4.2) mm, less than or equaling perigynia in length and width, margin white, 0–0.15 mm wide, apex obtuse to long-acute.

= 52.

= 74.