Flora of North America species comparison

straight or arcuate, 2–85 cm.

often lax, supported by other vegetation, 27–105 cm.

of flowering stems shorter than to exceeding culms, to 20 cm × 0.8–5.4 mm;

ligules on distal cauline leaves usually obsolete (except in 414.b Carex viridula subsp. brachyrrhyncha).

sheaths white-hyaline or green-veined with central white-hyaline strip, summits U-shaped to rounded, sometimes prolonged beyond collar;

distal ligules 1.5–5.5 mm;

blades 3–6 per fertile culm, 12–65 cm × 1.3–3.7(–4.6) mm.

peduncles of terminal staminate spikes 0–28 mm;

bracts to 18 cm × 0.6–3.4 mm;

inner band of sheaths concave or truncate.

dense to open, green and brown, gold and brown, or brown, 1.3–3.5 cm × 7–23 mm;

proximal internode 2–3(–4.5) mm; 2d internode 1–3 mm;

proximal bracts bristlelike or rarely leaflike, longer than inflorescences.

proximal pistillate spikes 1–8, contiguous or proximal distant, sessile or short-pedunculate, globose to short-cylindric, 4–17.5 × 3–11 mm;

terminal staminate spike sessile or pedunculate, 5–25 × 1–3.6 mm.

4–11, densely aggregated, at least proximal 1–3 distinct, ovoid to broadly ovoid, 6–12.3 × 3.8–9.1 mm;

base rounded;

apex acute to rounded.

spreading, yellow to dark olive, 1.8–4.2 × 0.8–2 mm, apex gradually or abruptly narrowed;

beak straight or reflexed less than 20°, 0.3–2.1 mm, scabrous or smooth.

ascending to spreading, straw colored or gold to coppery, conspicuously (0–)5–9-veined abaxially, conspicuously 0–6-veined adaxially, veins not reaching top of achene, ovate to broadly ovate, plano-convex to biconvex, (2.9–)3.5–4.7(–5.7) × 1.2–1.7(–2.2) mm, 0.5–0.75 mm thick, ± leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.2–0.4 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least on distal body, with metallic sheen;

beak often brown to dark brown at tip or white-hyaline, cylindric, unwinged, abaxial suture inconspicuous, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.2(–2.6) mm, ± entire for (0.3–) 0.4–0.8 mm.

1–1.8 × 0.7–1.4 mm.

broadly ovate to quadrate, 1.3–2.1 × 1–1.5(–1.7) mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

pistillate scales pale brown to reddish brown, 1.4–3.2 × 0.8–1.7 mm, margins pale, narrow, hyaline; staminate scales reddish brown, lanceolate to ovate, 2.3–5.2 × 0.7–2 mm, margins narrowly pale hyaline, apex obtuse to acuminate.

0.9–3.1 mm.

scales brown, red-brown, or coppery, with whitish, green, or pale brown midstripe, ovate, (3.2–)3.5–4.5 mm, shorter, narrower than, or covering perigynia, margin often indistinct, white, 0–0.4 mm wide, apex ± obtuse or rarely short-awned.