Flora of North America species comparison

35–100 cm.

dark maroon at base; flowering stems 0.5–1.1 mm thick, 20–90 cm, much longer than leaves at maturity, glabrous, but often scabrous within inflorescence.

sheaths adaxially green-veined nearly to collar, narrow hyaline band or sharp Y-shaped region at collar, adaxially firm, summits U-shaped;

distal ligules 1.5–4.5 mm;

blades 3–4 per fertile culm, 15–30 cm × 1.5–3 mm.

sheaths glabrous or short-pubescent, basal few bladeless and maroon, others grading from maroon to green on back, pale brown-hyaline, red dotted and sometimes pubescent near apex;

blades flat, 3–9 mm wide, glabrous, minutely scabrous on margins distally.

nodding, open, yellow-brown to reddish brown, 3.5–8 cm × 5–14 mm;

proximal internode 5–18 mm; 2d internode 5–17 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike with bristle tips shorter than inflorescences.

peduncles of lateral spikes slender, to 40 mm, equaling spikes or usually somewhat shorter, scabrous;

peduncle of terminal spike to 13 mm, glabrous or scabrous;

proximal bracts shorter than inflorescences;

sheaths 20–25 mm;

blades 3–4 mm wide.

3–7, distant, distinct, globose, (6–)9–14 × 6–9 mm, base usually attenuate, apex rounded;

lateral spikes with staminate portion 2–6 mm at base.

widely spreading, reddish brown, conspicuously 5-veined or more on each face, ± orbiculate, flat except over achene, 4–5.6 × 1.8–2.8 mm, 0.4–0.5 mm thick, base rounded, margin flat, including wing 0.6–0.9 mm wide;

beak widely spreading, pale to reddish brown at tip, flat, ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with golden brown margin, distance from beak tip to achene 2–3 mm.

green, usually red dotted, 2-ribbed and finely 8–12-veined, veins more obvious near base, ellipsoid to oblong-ovoid, loosely enveloping achenes, 2–3.7 × 1.3–1.6 mm, membranous, acute at base, tapering gradually to acute beakless apex, glabrous.

elliptic, 1.5–1.8 × 0.8–1 mm, 0.3–0.4 mm thick.

substipitate, 1.2–2.6 × 1–1.2 mm.

scales reddish brown, with green or pale midstripe, lanceolate, 2.5–3 mm, shorter or longer and narrower than perigynia, margin reddish brown, apex firm, acuminate or awned to 0.8 mm.

scales white-hyaline tinged with chestnut, broad green midrib often red dotted, sometimes scabrous, ovate to oblong, shorter than mature perigynia, apex rounded or cuspidate with ciliate awn less than 1 mm, otherwise glabrous.

scales with reddish brown margins.

spikes 2–5, 1 per node, well separated, drooping at maturity, pistillate with 10–45 perigynia attached 2 mm apart, linear, 10–70 × 2–3.5 mm.

spike gynecandrous, 10–60 × 1–3 mm.

= 74.

= 50, 52, 54.