Flora of North America species comparison

coarse, 1.8–3 mm thick, typically with long, unbranched segments from which shoots arise singly every few nodes.

sharply trigonous, (10–)25–80(–100) cm, scabrous-angled distally.

14–110 cm.

basal sheaths dark brown to nearly black;

sheaths with hyaline inner band, apex not prolonged, glabrous;

ligules 0.6–2.6 mm;

blades 1–3(–3.5) mm wide.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped to rounded, often prolonged to 3 mm beyond collar;

distal ligules (1.5–)2–3.5 (–5) mm;

blades 3–4(–5) per fertile culm, 8–25 cm × (2–)3–5 mm.

elongate, 0.9–4 cm;

spikes 5–18(–25), usually unisexual; staminate spikes lanceoloid; pistillate spikes ovoid.

dense, brown or gold, usually ± triangular, 1.6–3 cm × 12–20 mm;

proximal internode 3–5.5 mm; 2d internode 1.5–5 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

4–6(–10), densely aggregated or, sometimes, proximal 1 distant, narrowly to broadly ovoid, (8.5–)10–12 × 6–11 mm, base rounded to attenuate, apex truncate to acute.

brown to nearly black at maturity, essentially veinless, usually stipitate, ovate, plano-convex, (2.2–)2.6–3.7 × 1.2–1.9 mm, dull;

beak 0.7–1.2 mm, 1/4–1/2 length of body, apex ± hyaline, obscurely bidentate.

ascending to ascending-spreading, green and white, gold, or light brown, conspicuously (8–)10–17-veined abaxially, conspicuously (0–)4–12-veined adaxially, at least 3 adaxial veins longer than achene, usually ovate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (3.8–)4.4–5.5(–6) × (1.4–)1.8–2.5 mm, 0.5–0.8 mm thick, margin flat, including wing (0.2–)0.3–0.4(–0.5) mm wide, ciliate-serrulate distally;

beak gold to dark brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture inconspicuous or with conspicuous white margin, distance from beak tip to achene 2–2.8(–3.3) mm.

elliptic to broadly ovate, 1.7–2.4 × 1.1–1.7 mm, 0.4–0.6 mm thick.

scales straw colored to pale reddish brown, with hyaline margins, ovate, apex acute to acuminate-awned, dull to ± satiny.

scales gold or light red-brown, often with pale or green midstripe, ovate to lanceolate, (3.2–)3.9–4.8 mm, longer and narrower than perignyia, margin white, 0.1–0.5 mm wide, apex acuminate.

(1.8–)2.2–3.9 mm, apiculus bristly hairy (30X).