Flora of North America species comparison

(9–)16–60 cm.

23–56 cm.

sheath adaxially white-hyaline, summits usually U-shaped, rarely prolonged to 3 mm beyond collar;

distal ligules 0.5–2.5(–3) mm;

blades 2–6 per fertile culm, (4–)8–18 cm × (1.7–)2–3.6(–4) mm.

sheath adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped to rounded, often prolonged to 6 mm beyond collar;

distal ligules 0.8–2.5(–4) mm;

blades (2–)3–4 per fertile culm, 6–30 cm × 1.7–3.6 mm.

stiffly erect, dense, brown or dark brown, 0.9–2.1 cm × 10–15(–18.5) mm;

proximal internode 1.5–3.7(–4.8) mm; 2d internode 1–3 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

dense or open, green and brown, gold, or brown, 1.4–3 cm × (5–)8–15 mm, stiff, appearing coarse-textured;

proximal internode 3–7 mm; 2d internode 1–4 mm;

proximal bracts usually aristate, shorter than inflorescences.

(3–)5–9, densely aggregated, ± individually indistinct, ovoid to broadly ovoid, 5.5–10.5 × 4–7 mm, base rounded to acute or tapered, apex truncate to tapered.

3–7, distant to loosely aggregated, usually individually distinct, narrowly to broadly ovoid, 7–10 × (3–)4.5–7.5 mm, base rounded or attenuate, apex usually acute.

appressed-ascending to ascending-spreading, straw colored, gold, red-brown, or coppery, conspicuously 0–7(–11)-veined abaxially, conspicuously 0–3-veined adaxially, narrowly to broadly ovate, plano-convex to biconvex, occasionally ± flat around achene, 3.5–4.5 × (1.1–)1.3–2 mm, 0.4–0.5 mm thick, margin flat, including wing 0.2–0.5 mm wide, darker than perigynium body, ciliate-serrulate at least on distal body, pithlike tissue usually present in proximal perigynium walls in U-shape around achene, glossy metallic sheen;

beak white, golden brown, red-brown, brown, or dark brown, usually white-hyaline at tip, cylindric, unwinged, ± entire for (0.4–)0.5–0.6(–0.9) mm, abaxial suture usually white, conspicuous, distance from beak tip to achene (1.2–)1.6–2.4 mm.

appressed-ascending to ascending-spreading, green or gold, usually green toward beak, contrasting in color with pistillate scales, conspicuously 0–7-veined abaxially, conspicuously 0(–5)-veined adaxially, thin, ovate to broadly ovate, plano-convex or, more often, biconvex, (3.3–)3.5–4.3 × (1.3–)1.5–2 mm, 0.5–0.6(–0.8) mm thick, 2.1–2.7 times as long as wide, margin flat, including wing 0.2–0.4 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least on distal body, without metallic sheen;

beak gold, gold-brown, red-brown, or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate or cylindric, unwinged, ± entire for 0.6 mm, abaxial suture usually inconspicuous, distance from beak tip to achene 1–2.4 mm.

usually elliptic, (1.2–)1.4–1.9 × 0.85–1.1 mm, 0.35–0.5 mm thick.

broadly oblong, ovate, broadly elliptic, or quadrate, 1.5–2 × 1–1.5 mm, 0.4–0.7 mm thick.

scales gold to brown, often reddish, sometimes with whitish or gold midstripe, ovate to broadly ovate, 2.7–3.5(–4) mm, shorter or longer and usually narrower than perigynia, margin, white-hyaline usually conspicuous, 0.03–0.25 mm wide, apex usually obtuse.

scales white, gold, red-brown, or chestnut-brown, usually with pale to green midstripe, ovate to broadly ovate, 2.8–3.7 mm, shorter or longer and narrower than perigynia, margin occasionally white, 0.1–0.2(–0.5) mm wide, apex usually acute to acuminate.

= 86.

= 80.