Flora of North America species comparison

(9–)16–60 cm.

25–120 cm;

vegetative culms inconspicuous with few leaves clustered at apex.

sheath adaxially white-hyaline, summits usually U-shaped, rarely prolonged to 3 mm beyond collar;

distal ligules 0.5–2.5(–3) mm;

blades 2–6 per fertile culm, (4–)8–18 cm × (1.7–)2–3.6(–4) mm.

sheaths conspicuously green-veined adaxially nearly to apex, narrow hyaline band or sharp Y-shaped region at collar, adaxially firm, summits U-shaped, not prolonged;

distal ligules 1.5–4.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 9–25 cm × 2–3.5 mm.

stiffly erect, dense, brown or dark brown, 0.9–2.1 cm × 10–15(–18.5) mm;

proximal internode 1.5–3.7(–4.8) mm; 2d internode 1–3 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

erect, open, yellow-green to brown, 1.5–4 cm × 4–12 mm;

proximal internode 3–12 mm; 2d internode 3–9 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike, with bristle tips, shorter than inflorescences.

(3–)5–9, densely aggregated, ± individually indistinct, ovoid to broadly ovoid, 5.5–10.5 × 4–7 mm, base rounded to acute or tapered, apex truncate to tapered.

2–8, distinct, ellipsoid to globose, 5–13 × 4–6.5 mm, base acute, apex rounded; staminate portion of well-developed spikes less than 2 mm.

appressed-ascending to ascending-spreading, straw colored, gold, red-brown, or coppery, conspicuously 0–7(–11)-veined abaxially, conspicuously 0–3-veined adaxially, narrowly to broadly ovate, plano-convex to biconvex, occasionally ± flat around achene, 3.5–4.5 × (1.1–)1.3–2 mm, 0.4–0.5 mm thick, margin flat, including wing 0.2–0.5 mm wide, darker than perigynium body, ciliate-serrulate at least on distal body, pithlike tissue usually present in proximal perigynium walls in U-shape around achene, glossy metallic sheen;

beak white, golden brown, red-brown, brown, or dark brown, usually white-hyaline at tip, cylindric, unwinged, ± entire for (0.4–)0.5–0.6(–0.9) mm, abaxial suture usually white, conspicuous, distance from beak tip to achene (1.2–)1.6–2.4 mm.

spreading, green to light brown, conspicuously 4–many-veined on each face, winged to base, obovate, flat except over achene or somewhat plano-convex, 2.6–4.5 × 1.5–2.7 mm, 0.3–0.45 mm thick, margin flat, including wing 0.4–0.7 mm wide;

beak pale brown at tip, flat, ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with white or brown hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1–2 mm.

usually elliptic, (1.2–)1.4–1.9 × 0.85–1.1 mm, 0.35–0.5 mm thick.

oblong, 1.3–1.7 × 0.75–1 mm, 0.3–0.4 mm thick;

styles laterally sinuate.

scales gold to brown, often reddish, sometimes with whitish or gold midstripe, ovate to broadly ovate, 2.7–3.5(–4) mm, shorter or longer and usually narrower than perigynia, margin, white-hyaline usually conspicuous, 0.03–0.25 mm wide, apex usually obtuse.

scales white-hyaline or brown, with green midstripe, broadly lanceolate or ovate, 2.5–3.4 mm, longer and narrower than perigynia, apex acute.

= 86.

= 66.