Flora of North America species comparison

sometimes lax, (29–)50–135 cm.

dark maroon at base; flowering stems 25–50 cm, as long or slightly longer than leaves at maturity, 0.4–0.6 mm thick, glabrous, sometimes scabrous on angles within inflorescence.

sheaths adaxially usually brown or gold tinged near summits, summits U-shaped, prolonged to 4 mm beyond collar;

distal ligules 2–7.5 mm;

blades 2–4 per fertile culm, 15–35 cm × (1.8–)2–5(–9.9) mm.

basal sheaths maroon, bladeless, pubescent, often only sparsely so;

others grading from maroon to green on back, brown-hyaline on front, red dotted and pubescent toward apex;

blades flat, 1–2 mm wide, sparsely pilose on adaxial surface, margins ciliate.

dense, headlike, brown to gold, 1.1–4 cm × 7–20 mm;

proximal internode 1.5–2.5 mm; 2d internode 1–2.5 mm, these 2 internodes collectively less than 1/3 as long as inflorescences;

proximal bracts usually bristlelike, occasionally leaflike, much longer than inflorescences.

peduncles of lateral spike 0–35 mm;

peduncle of terminal spike 5–35 mm, minutely scabrous;

proximal bracts equaling or often exceeding inflorescences;

sheathless and auriculate or with sheaths less than 3 mm;

blades to 1 mm wide.

(4–)6–17, densely aggregated, usually individually indistinct, broadly ovoid to ovoid, 4.7–9(–12) × 3.7–7.6 mm, appearing coarse-textured, base rounded to acute, apex truncate to acute.

ascending, green or straw colored to light or coppery brown, conspicuously 4–9-veined abaxially, conspicuous 0–4(–9)-veined adaxially, veins thin, reaching top of achene, ovate to broadly ovate, plano-convex or biconvex, (2.6–)3.3–4(–4.6) × (1.2–)1.4–1.6(–2) mm, 0.6–0.7 mm thick, 2.1–2.7 times as long as wide, margin flat, including wing 0.1–0.3(–0.4) mm wide, ciliate-serrulate on distal body, often with metallic sheen;

beak brown or gold at tip, cylindric, unwinged, abaxial suture inconspicuous, distance from beak tip to achene 1.2–1.8 mm, ± entire for (0–)0.3–0.7 mm.

green, usually red dotted, 2-ribbed and conspicuously 6–10-veined, narrowly lance-ellipsoid, loosely enveloping achene, 4–4.8 × 1.2–1.5 mm, membranous, base with stipe 1 mm, apex gradually tapering to beak, pubescent toward apex;

beak truncate or minutely toothed, 1 mm.

usually ovate to broadly ovate, (1.3–)1.5–1.9 × (0.9–)1–1.2(–1.4) mm, 0.5–0.7 mm thick.

substipitate, 2–2.5 × 0.8–1 mm.

scales pale green or straw colored to brown or reddish, often with green to straw colored midstripe, ovate to broadly ovate, 2.2–4.7 mm, shorter to slightly longer than perigynia, less than or equal in width, margin white, 0–0.2 mm wide, apex obtuse to awned.

scales reddish brown with narrow hyaline margins and green midrib, ovate, shorter than mature perigynia, apex rounded to acute or cuspidate, glabrous.

spikes 1–3, 1 per node, each overlapping 1 above but not crowded, proximal 1 often well separated, erect to ascending, sessile or pedunculate, pistillate with 10–25 perigynia attached less than 1 mm apart, narrowly elongate, 10–35 × 2–3 mm.

spike staminate, 10–24 × 1.5–2.5 mm.