Flora of North America species comparison

(20–)30–100 cm, 2.5–8 mm wide basally, 0.7–1.6 mm wide distally.

brown to chestnut at base, surrounded by remains of old leaf bases, but not conspicuously fibrillose; flowering culms 30–80 mm, usually longer than leaves at maturity, 1–2 mm thick, glabrous but finely scabrous within inflorescence.

sheaths usually loose, proximally green-and-white-striped, not white spotted, with conspicuous transverse veins on back, fronts hyaline, sometimes transversely rugose and red dotted, thin, white or hyaline and fragile at mouth;

ligules 2–7 mm, shorter to longer than wide;

widest leaf blades (3–)4–8 mm wide.

sheaths glabrous, basal ones dark chestnut, grading to light brown and green on back, all bearing blades, sometimes very reduced in size on basal ones;

sheath fronts brown-hyaline or membranous, darker brown and often red dotted toward apex;

blades rigid, flat or channeled near base, 2.5–7 mm wide, glabrous but margins, edges of adaxial surface, and midrib of abaxial surface finely scabrous.

with 5–15 spikes, 1–5 cm × 8–15 mm, occasionally compound, then somewhat larger;

proximal bracts to 3 cm;

spikes with 5–15 ascending to spreading perigynia;

proximal internodes shorter than to 1.5 times as long as proximal spikes.

peduncles of lateral spikes slender, to 100 mm (proximal spikes) or to 30 mm (distal spikes), minutely scabrous; of terminal spike 3–20 mm, glabrous;

proximal bracts much shorter than inflorescences;

sheaths 10–75 mm;

blades 1.5–3.5 mm wide.

pale green to pale brown, veinless or 3–7(–12)-veined abaxially, rarely veined adaxially, 3.5–5.5 × 2–3 mm, body somewhat spongy, base thickened, margins serrulate distally;

beak 0.6–1.6 mm, apical teeth 0.3–1 mm.

green to straw colored, sparsely red dotted, 2-ribbed and finely 7–10-veined, slightly inflated around achene, ovoid, 5–6.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, membranous, base rounded, apex gradually tapering to beak, glabrous;

beak bidentate, 2.5 mm including teeth, teeth hyaline, narrow, to 1 mm.

circular to elliptic- circular, 1.8–2.1 × 1.6–2 mm.

substipitate, 2–2.5 × 1.2–1.7 mm.

scales hyaline or brown with green, 1–3-veined center, ovate, 2.6–4.4 × 1.3–2.4 mm, body shorter to slightly longer than perigynium, apex acuminate to short-awned.

scales pale hyaline tinged with light brown, with midrib green to golden green, ovate to elliptic, nearly as long as mature perigynia, gradually narrowing to acuminate or short-cuspidate apex, glabrous except scabrous midrib.

1.5–3 mm.

spikes 4–12, 1–3 per node;

proximal spikes well separated, arching, pistillate with 20–50 perigynia attached 1 mm apart, cylindric, 15–45 × 6–9 mm;

distal spikes androgynous or staminate, usually crowded near apex.

spike staminate, sometimes compound at base, 20–60 × 2.5–4 mm; the set of predominantly staminate spikes usually conspicuously raised above predominantly pistillate ones.