Flora of North America species comparison

densely or loosely tufted, lateral or central, erect or ascending, 17–70 cm × 1–1.5 mm.

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

basal sheaths light brown to brown;

sheaths green or yellowish green, 2–60 mm;

blades ascending, green or yellowish green, midrib developed abaxially, 2 lateral veins developed adaxially, flat or slightly corrugated, 4–52 cm × 0.2–10 mm, blades of overwintering leaves smooth.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

peduncles of proximal spikes 0–8.5 cm, arising in distal 1/2 of culm;

peduncles of terminal spike 0–0.2 cm;

bracts 1.3–14 cm × 1–4 mm, blade of distal lateral spike linear, narrower than spikes, widest bract blade of distalmost lateral spike 0.5–3.4 mm wide.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

(3–)4 per culm;

lateral spikes 6–24 × 3.5–5 mm, ensheathed by distal bract blades, distal lateral spikes overlapping;

terminal spike linear, 11–22 × 0.8–1.8 mm, exceeded by or subequal to distal lateral spike.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

4–20 per spike, overlapping, ratio of longer lateral spike length to perigynia number 0.8–1.7, occasionally perigynia of proximal spike scattered, ascending, finely, conspicuously (22–)25–32-veined, elliptic-ovate, 3–5 × 1.2–2 mm, 1.9–2.3 times as long as achene bodies;

beak straight or slightly curved, 0.5–1.7 mm.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

obovoid, 2.8–4.4 × 1–1.8 mm.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

scales linear-ovate, 2.8–3.8 × 1.5–2.2 mm, margins hyaline, apex acute.

scales 2–2.6 × 1–1.5 mm, apex cuspidate to obtuse.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

1.8–2 mm.

= 42.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.