Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

35–75 cm.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

sheath summits U-shaped, sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar;

distal ligules 2.5–8 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm; 15–45 cm × 2–3(–4) mm.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

ascending, dense, green to gold or brown, (1–)1.4–2.5 cm × 9–17 mm;

proximal internode 1.5–4 mm; 2d internode 1–4 mm;

proximal 2–3 bracts erect to ascending, leaflike, the proximal longer than inflorescence, often more than 2 mm wide, base ± surrounding culm.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

5–11, ± individually indistinct, ovoid to broadly ovoid, 7–13 × 5–9 mm, base rounded to acute, apex truncate to acute.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

ascending to ascending-spreading, green, gold, or sometimes coppery, conspicuously 0–11-veined abaxially, conspicuously 0–8-veined adaxially, ovate to lanceolate, usually flat, 3.5–5 × 1.3–1.75 mm, 0.3–0.5 mm thick, margin flat, including wing 0.2–0.3 mm wide;

beak usually gold or red-brown at tip, usually flat, winged, ± ciliate-serrulate or, sometimes, cylindric, unwinged, ± entire for 0.5–0.6 mm, (1.4–)1.7–2.5 mm, abaxial suture inconspicuous or with white margin, distance from beak tip to achene.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

stipitate, ovate to obovate, (1.2–)1.5–1.9 × 0.75–1(–1.2) mm, 0.3–0.4 mm thick.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

scales pale gold to red-brown, with pale to green midstripe, lanceolate to ovate, 3.3–4.8 mm, shorter and narrower than perigynia, margin sometimes white, 0.1–0.2 mm wide, apex acuminate to awned.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.