Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

ascending, 7–30(–40) cm, weakly to strongly scabrous distally;

bases (remnants of old leaves) slightly fibrous.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

blades pale to dark green, usually equaling or exceeding stems, occasionally shorter, 0.8–2.5(–4) mm wide, herbaceous, glabrous abaxially, strongly scabrous to papillose adaxially.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

with both staminate and pistillate spikes;

peduncles of basal pistillate spikes erect, elongate, slender;

peduncles of staminate spikes 1.1–10 mm;

proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike, exceeding inflorescences.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

proximal pistillate spikes 2–4 (basal spikes 1–2);

cauline spikes overlapping or somewhat separated, with 3–10(–15) perigynia;

staminate spikes (4.8–)6–12.8 × (0.7–) 0.9–1.3(–2.5) mm.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

green to pale brown, veinless, ellipsoid to obovoid, 3.1–4.5 × 1.4–1.7 mm;

beak straight or slightly bent, pale green, occasionally with reddish brown tinge, 0.9–1.7 mm, ciliate-serrulate, apical teeth 0.2–0.4 mm.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

brown, globose to obovoid or ellipsoid, obtusely trigonous in cross section, 1.9–2.4 × 1.3–1.7 mm.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

pistillate scales pale to dark reddish brown, with narrow white margins, ovate, 2.9–5.7 × 1.4–2.3 mm, shorter than perigynia, apex acute or acuminate to long-acuminate;

staminate scales lanceolate, 3.2–5.8 × 1.2–1.8 mm, apex acuminate.

1.2–2 mm.

3.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.

= 36.