Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

densely tufted, erect, ascending, rarely decumbent, 28–61 cm × 0.7–1.2 mm.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

basal sheaths pale brown;

sheaths 0.8–32 mm;

blades erect or ascending, glaucous, midrib well developed especially abaxially, 2 lateral veins developed adaxially, flat, 28–59 cm × 5–10 mm, dead leaves lateral to new clumps, blades of overwintered leaves densely papillose abaxially.

0.2–1 cm × 2–4.5 mm, longest bract blade 5–8 cm;

bract blades of distal lateral spikes linear, narrower than spikes, widest bract blade of distalmost lateral spike 0.5–3.4 mm wide.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

longer peduncles of proximal lateral spikes 1.4–14 times as long as spikes they subtend;

peduncles of terminal spike 0.4–11 cm.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

4(–5) per culm;

lateral spikes 14–45 × 2.2–4.5 mm, distal lateral spikes separate;

terminal spike linear, 12–40 × 2–3.5 mm.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

3–10 per spike, loosely overlapping, ratio of longer lateral spike length to pergynia number 1.9–3.4, ascending, finely, conspicuously (22–)25–32-veined, obovate, 3.1–4.5 × 1.8–2.3 mm;

beak slightly recurved, 0.9–1.5 mm.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

obovoid, 1.2–2.8 × 0.9–1.4 mm.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

scales 3–9 × 1.4–2.1 mm, apex aristate, rarely acute, awn 1–5 mm, serrulate.

scales 7–11 × 1.2–2 mm, margins hyaline.

3.2–3.8 mm.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.

= 46.