Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

usually erect, slender, 10–20(–30) cm.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

sheaths pale brown abaxially, inner band thin, hyaline, sometimes red tinged, concave at summit;

ligules as long as wide;

blades pale to gray-green, flat, 5–15 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm, shorter than culms, thin.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

1–1.5(–2) cm × 5–10 mm;

proximal bracts bristlelike, prolonged, distal bracts scalelike.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

3–5, gynecandrous, approximate, sessile, containing 8–15(–20) perigynia;

terminal spike staminate for less than 1/2 of length, shortly clavate, oblong-ovoid, 4–7 × 3–5 mm.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

appressed-ascending, pale brown, often darker brown in age, finely several-veined, elliptic-ovate, 1.5–2 × 1 mm, widest near middle, membranous;

beak short, entire or slightly serrulate.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

pale brown, broadly obovate, 1.25 × 0.8–1 mm, dull to slightly glossy.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

scales light chestnut-brown with lighter center and hyaline margins, ovate, subequal to perigynia, apex obtuse.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.