Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

sharply trigonous, (10–)20–80 cm;

bladeless basal sheaths brown, strongly fibrillose.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

sheaths tight, pale green to reddish brown abaxially, whitish to brown stained and ± hyaline adaxially, glabrous;

ligules 0.6–2.8 mm, rounded to obtuse;

blades flat, convolute or revolute, 7–40 cm × 1–2.5(–3.3) mm wide, glabrous.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

oblong to linear-oblong, (1.6–)2.5–7 cm × 8–15 mm;

proximal bracts leafy, 9–27 cm, sheathless, with prominent hyaline margins basally;

distal bracts gradually reduced;

spikes 3–6, distal 2 or 3 ± approximate, (5.5–)8–22 × (4.5–)5.5–11 mm.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

, green or usually brown tinged, prominently 8–16-veined, (3.3–)3.5–4.6 × 1.4–1.8 mm, thick-coriaceous, granular-warty, white stellate-hirsute.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

obovoid to broadly-ellipsoid, 2–2.4 mm.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

scales with strongly 3-veined, green to brown center and whitish translucent sides, oblong-lanceolate, exceeding perigynia and mostly concealing them, apex awn, when present, to 2 mm, glabrous.

scales oblong-lanceolate, apex acute or short acuminate.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.