Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

round or trigonous, filiform, wiry, angles proximal to spike blunt or sharp, 5–22 cm, ± equaling leaves.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

basal leaf sheaths only slightly fibrillose when old;

blades bright green, involute-cylindric, quill-shaped, 3–18 cm, 0.2–0.6 mm wide near base.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

8–20 × 2–5 mm; staminate portion 4–8(–10) mm.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

3–9, appressed to ascending, white, usually with golden brown to red-brown area near beak and/or near base, obovate (or elliptic), 2.5–4.4 × 1.2–2 mm, body usually glabrous or sparsely hirsute near base of beak;

beak 0.4–0.8(–1) mm, style base not conspicuously exserted from beak;

rachilla absent.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

obovate to ovate, 1.5–2.7(–3) × (1–)1.2–1.5 mm.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

pistillate scales pale red-brown or golden brown with white or gold margins, broadly obovate, 2–4(–4.7) × 1.7–3.3 mm excluding awns, apex obtuse to awned.

scales red-brown with white margins and pale midstripe, oblong-ovate, apex obtuse.

± brown.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.