Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

15–55 cm.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

mostly basal;

basal sheaths pale to dark brown;

blades of flowering stems yellowish green, flat, shorter than stems, widest blades 3–4.6 mm wide, margins scabrous.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

longer peduncle of terminal spike 1–2(–4) cm;

proximal bract mostly equaling or no more than 1.5 times as long as inflorescence; pistillate spikes (2–)3–5, ascending, ovoid to short-cylindric;

distal 1 or 2 pistillate spikes aggregated near staminate spike; the proximal widely separated, pedunculate;

terminal staminate spike 8–25(–30) × 2 mm.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

yellowish green, 2.6–3.5 × 1–1.3 mm, apex gradually tapered;

beak 0.4–0.7 mm, smooth.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

scales brown to reddish brown, with green or whitish midrib.

scales brown, ovate-elliptic, margins scarious, apex obtuse or mucronate.

1.5–2.7 mm.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.