Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

14–37 cm.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

basal sheaths dark reddish brown;

blades mostly basal, pale green, shorter than culms, thick, 1.7–4.5 mm wide.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

peduncles of proximal spikes short;

peduncles of terminal staminate spikes 1.5–3(–10) mm;

proximal bracts short-sheathing;

pistillate spikes 1–3, emerging from cauline nodes, aggregated, ascending, ovoid to short-cylindric;

staminate spikes 8–22 × 1.8–3.1 mm.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

ellipsoid to obovoid, 2.5–3 × 1.4–1.7 mm, base tapering, pubescent with straight white hairs;

beak 0.5 mm.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

obovoid, 1.9–2.5 × 1.3–1.6 mm.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

pistillate scales dark reddish brown, ovate to obovate, apex obtuse to acute, minutely ciliate;

staminate scales dark reddish to purplish brown, ovate to obovate, margins white, apex acute, scarious.

1.9–3.1 mm.

4, erect or convolute, thick, weakly papillose.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.