Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

densely tufted, central or lateral, rarely erect, ascending, lax, or, occasionally, decumbent, slightly winged, 14–53 cm × 0.8–1 mm.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

basal sheaths brown or light brown;

sheaths 1–48 mm;

blades erect, ascending or lax, green, midrib well developed abaxially, lateral veins developed adaxially, flat, 14–36 cm × 1–10 mm, blades of overwintering leaves smooth abaxially.

0.9–17 cm × 1–8 mm, bract blade of distal lateral spikes linear, narrower than spikes, not concealing them (viewed from abaxial surface), widest bract blade of distalmost lateral spike 0.5–3.4 mm wide.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

peduncles of proximal absent; of terminal spike 0–1.7 cm.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

4(–5) per culm;

lateral spikes scattered or distal 2 proximate, 15–18 × 3–4 mm;

terminal spike overtopping or proximate to proximal pistillate spikes, linear, 9–20 × 1.8–2.4 mm.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

4–18 per spike, closely overlapping, ratio of longer lateral spike length to perigynia number 0.8–1.7, aggregated, ascending, conspicuously (22–)25–32-veined, obovate to elliptic-obovate, 2.5–3.8(–4.1) × 1.3–2.2 mm, 1.5–1.9 times as long as achene bodies;

beak abruptly bent, 0.2–0.6 mm.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

obovoid, 2.1–3.2 × 0.8–1.8 mm.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

scales 2.8–3 × 1.4–1.6 mm, apex apiculate to aristate, awn to 1.5 mm.

scales 1.8–3.2 × 1.4–1.8 mm, margins hyaline, apex acute or acuminate.

1.8–2.2 mm.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.

= 30, 32, 34, 36.