Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

30–75 cm, smooth to finely scabrous distally.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

proximal sheaths with or without blades, reddish purple tinged, 3–6.5 mm diam.;

ligules 2.5–12 mm, more than 2 times longer than wide;

blades of vegetative culms 12–50 cm, evergreen, those of fertile culms green, flat to revolute, 5–20 cm × 3.5–6 mm, herbaceous.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

16–32 cm, 1–1.6 times longer than proximal bract;

proximal bract 8–19 cm, sheath 1.5–5 cm, blade 7–14 cm; pistillate spikes linear or linear-oblong, 1.5–3.5 cm × 3–8 mm;

lateral spikes erect or ascending on stiff peduncles.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

ascending to spreading, loosely to densely arranged, greenish, 2.5–3.5 × 1.5–2.25 mm, faintly papillose;

beak 0–0.7 mm, often bent.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

yellowish brown, 1.8–2.5 × 1.4–1.6 mm.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

scales purple-brown, apex obtuse or short-awned, frequently papillose.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.