Flora of North America species comparison

15–120 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, usually fewer than 15 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

dark maroon at base; flowering stems 20–100 cm, much longer than leaves at maturity, 0.6–1 mm thick, glabrous but scabrous within inflorescence.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits U-shaped or sometimes prolonged to 2 mm beyond collar and rounded, smooth;

distal ligules 2.2–3.5 mm;

blades 3–5 per fertile culm, 12–30 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm.

basal sheaths maroon, bladeless, rarely minutely scabrous, glabrous;

others grading from maroon to green on back, white to tan-hyaline on front, minutely red dotted;

blades flat, 3–10(–13) mm wide, glabrous with minutely scabrous margins.

open, brown, (1.3–)2.5–5(–6.5) cm × 5–18 mm;

proximal internode (3–)6–13(–23) mm; 2d internode 2–12 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, shorter than inflorescences.

peduncles of lateral spikes slender, to 30 mm, shorter than spikes;

peduncle of terminal spike to 28 mm, usually shorter than adjacent pistillate spikes, minutely scabrous on angles;

proximal bracts shorter than inflorescences;

sheaths to 30 mm;

blades 2–3 mm wide.

(3–)4–7, 5–7 on larger culms, distant, distinct, ovoid to ellipsoid, 7–17(–24) × 4–8(–12) mm, base attenuate or rarely rounded, apex acute to rounded;

terminal spike usually with conspicuous staminate base.

(10–)15–40(–45) per spike, ascending-spreading, green or reddish brown, veinless or faintly and irregularly 1–5-veined adaxially, orbiculate or broadly ovate, plano-convex, (2.6–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) × (2–)2.3–3.2 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick, 1.2–1.8 times as long as wide, nearly leathery, margin flat, including wing 0.3–0.8 mm wide, ciliate-serrulate at least distally, smooth;

beak pale green or brown at tip, flat, ± ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture with gold or reddish brown-hyaline margin, distance from beak tip to achene 1.5–2.4 mm.

green, often red dotted, 2-ribbed and finely 10–15-veined, loosely enveloping achene, ellipsoid-ovoid, 3–5 × 1–2 mm, membranous, base with stipe 2–3 mm, apex tapering to minute beak, glabrous but sometimes ciliate between apical teeth;

beak bidentate, 0.7–1.5 mm.

orbiculate to broadly ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, 0.5–0.6 mm thick.

sessile, 1.7–2.6 × 0.8–1.7 mm.

scales white-hyaline, tinged reddish brown, usually with whitish, pale gold, or green midstripe, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.6–4.3 mm, as long as to 0.7–0.9 mm shorter than perignyium beaks, narrower than perigynia, margins thin, sometimes involute, apex mostly acute.

scales white-hyaline with green midrib, oblong-lanceolate, shorter than mature perigynia, apex acuminate to cuspidate or awned, awn to 1.5 mm, margins and awn scabrous or ciliate, otherwise glabrous.

spikes 2–5, 1 per node, well separated, erect at anthesis, but soon drooping, pistillate with 15–45 perigynia attached 1–2 mm apart, linear-elongate, 25–80 × 3–4 mm.

spike staminate, sessile or pedunculate, 6–40 × 0.8–2 mm.

= 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68.

= 52, 54, 56.