Flora of North America species comparison

(35–)40–110 cm;

vegetative culms few, inconspicuous, with 6–8 leaves, not strikingly 3-ranked.

densely tufted, ascending, lax or, occasionally, decumbent, 12–44 cm × 0.7–1.2 mm.

sheaths adaxially white-hyaline, summits concave or truncate, prolonged beyond collar to 2.5 mm, papillose at least near apex;

distal ligules 1–5 mm;

blades 3–4 per fertile culm, 2.5–25 cm × 2–5 mm, usually adaxially papillose.

basal sheaths brown;

sheaths 3–24 mm, serrulate;

blades ascending, midrib well developed abaxially, lateral veins developed, flat, 10–32 cm × 3–10 mm, blades of overwintering leaves smooth.

10–30 × 2–7 mm, 2d pistillate bract frequently overtops terminal and distal lateral spike, blade of distal lateral spike linear, narrower than spikes, widest bract blade of distalmost lateral spike 0.5–3.4 mm wide.

open, pale brown, 0.24–0.62 cm × 8–15 mm;

proximal internode 5–17 mm; 2d internode 3–10 mm;

proximal bracts scalelike, with bristle tips shorter than inflorescences.

peduncles of proximal spike 0–8 cm, distal lateral spike not exserted; of terminal spike to 0.2 cm.

3–6(–8), distant, distinct, ovoid to clavate, 7–21 × 5.5–12 mm, base rounded to long tapered, apex rounded.

4(–5) per culm;

lateral spikes 9–22 × 2.8–4 mm;

terminal spike linear, 7–16 × 1.2–2 mm, arising from same bract as distal lateral spike, usually surpassed by distal bract.

15–80 in larger spikes, ascending or ascending-spreading, green to pale whitish green with reddish brown margin, conspicuously 8–12-veined abaxially, 4–8-veined adaxially, broadly elliptic to nearly orbiculate, (4.5–)5.1–6.7(–7.1) × (2.4–)2.8–4.2 mm, 0.5–0.7 mm thick, membranaceous with brown achene visible through hyaline adaxial face, margin flat, including wing 0.8–1.2 mm wide, often erose, scalloped, or with an irregular tooth, smooth;

beak pale brown at tip, flat, ciliate-serrulate, abaxial suture inconspicuous, distance from beak tip to achene 2.4–3.7 mm.

5–14 per spike, overlapping or slightly scattered on proximal spike, ascending or spreading, 8–18-veined, 2–3 veins conspicuous, others obscure, elliptic-obovate, 2.2–3.2 × 1–1.5 mm, membranous;

beak abruptly to slightly curved, 0.3–1.1 mm.

elliptic to oblong, 1.6–2.2 × 1.1–1.6 mm, 0.5 mm thick.

obovoid, 1.8–2.8 × 0.8–1.2 mm.

scales reddish brown with green midstripe, lance-ovate to ovate, 3.1–5.4 mm, 1.9–3.2 times as long as wide, (1–)1.4–2.3 mm shorter than perigynia, narrower than perignyia, apex obtuse to acute.

scales 2–2.5 × 1–1.8 mm, apex acute or apiculate.

(2.4–)2.8–4.2 mm.

1.6–2 mm.

scales obtuse.

scales ovate, 2.2–2.6 × 0.8–1 mm, margins hyaline or slightly brown tinged, apex acute.

= 76, 78.

= 36.