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cliff bittercress

Cardamine pattersonii

Saddle Mountain bitter-cress

Habit Perennials; glabrous throughout. Annuals or perennials; (short-lived); glabrous throughout.
Rhizomes

cylindrical, slender, 1–2 mm diam.

cylindrical, slender, 0.5–1.5 mm diam.

Stems

erect or decumbent at base, unbranched, 0.6–2 dm.

(simple from base), erect, (not flexuous), unbranched or branched basally, 0.6–3 dm.

Basal leaves

rosulate or not, 3 or 5-foliolate, 1–6 cm, leaflets petiolulate;

petiole 0.4–2.5 cm;

lateral leaflets similar to terminal, considerably smaller;

terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.4 cm), blade obovate to orbicular or subcordate, 0.3–1.5(–2.0) cm × 2.5–16(–18) mm, base obtuse to rounded or cordate, margins entire or dentate to slightly sinuately lobed.

Rhizomal leaves

palmately or subpalmately compound, 3 or 5 (or 7)-foliolate, 5.5–17(–22) cm, (fleshy), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile;

petiole 4–14(–17) cm;

lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller;

terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.5 cm), blade ovate to lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, 1–3 cm × 6–17 mm, base cuneate or obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate).

Cauline leaves

2 or 3, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile;

petiole 0.7–4(–8) cm, base not auriculate;

lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller;

terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.1–0.5 cm), blade elliptic to oblong, or ovate, 1.2–3.5 cm × 4–25 mm, margins entire.

2–4, 3 or 5-foliolate, blade similar to basal, gradually reduced in size as bract, distalmost ones subtending pedicels of flowers (usually simple);

leaflet blade or bract linear to linear-oblanceolate, 0.2–0.8 cm.

Racemes

ebracteate.

bracteate throughout.

Flowers

sepals oblong, 3–5 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals white, obovate, 8–14 × 4–7 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded or subemarginate);

filaments: median pairs 4–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3.5 mm;

anthers oblong, 1–1.2 mm.

sepals oblong, (2–)3 × 0.7(–1) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals purple or pink, obovate, 6–9 × 3–4 mm, (not clawed);

filaments: median pairs 3–3.5 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm;

anthers oblong, 0.7–1 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending to divaricate, 6–18 mm.

divaricate-ascending, (10–)15–30(–45) mm.

Fruits

linear, 2–4 cm × 1.5–2.2 mm;

ovules 10–14 per ovary;

style 1–5 mm.

linear, (torulose), 2–3 cm × 1–1.5 mm;

ovules 14–20 per ovary;

style 2–4 mm.

Seeds

brown, oblong, 1.8–2.2 × 1.2–1.5 mm.

brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.2 × 1–1.5 mm, (winged distally).

Cardamine rupicola

Cardamine pattersonii

Phenology Flowering Jul–Aug. Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Limestone talus slopes, loose limey shale, moist banks Moist mossy cliffs, rocky slopes, mossy banks
Elevation 2200-2700 m (7200-8900 ft) 800-900 m (2600-3000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
MT
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Cardamine rupicola is known from Flathead, Lewis and Clarke, and Missoula counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Cardamine pattersonii is known from Saddle Mountain and Onion Peak in Clastop County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 483. FNA vol. 7, p. 480.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine
Sibling taxa
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. holmgrenii, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. umbellata
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. holmgrenii, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
Synonyms C. californica var. rupicola, Dentaria rupicola
Name authority (O. E. Schulz) C. L. Hitchcock: in C. L. Hitchcock et al., Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W. 2: 474. (1964) L. F. Henderson: Rhodora 32: 25. (1930)
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