Cardamine rupicola |
Cardamine pattersonii |
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cliff bittercress |
Saddle Mountain bitter-cress |
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Habit | Perennials; glabrous throughout. | Annuals or perennials; (short-lived); glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | cylindrical, slender, 1–2 mm diam. |
cylindrical, slender, 0.5–1.5 mm diam. |
Stems | erect or decumbent at base, unbranched, 0.6–2 dm. |
(simple from base), erect, (not flexuous), unbranched or branched basally, 0.6–3 dm. |
Basal leaves | rosulate or not, 3 or 5-foliolate, 1–6 cm, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 0.4–2.5 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, considerably smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.4 cm), blade obovate to orbicular or subcordate, 0.3–1.5(–2.0) cm × 2.5–16(–18) mm, base obtuse to rounded or cordate, margins entire or dentate to slightly sinuately lobed. |
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Rhizomal leaves | palmately or subpalmately compound, 3 or 5 (or 7)-foliolate, 5.5–17(–22) cm, (fleshy), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 4–14(–17) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.5 cm), blade ovate to lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, 1–3 cm × 6–17 mm, base cuneate or obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate). |
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Cauline leaves | 2 or 3, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.7–4(–8) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.1–0.5 cm), blade elliptic to oblong, or ovate, 1.2–3.5 cm × 4–25 mm, margins entire. |
2–4, 3 or 5-foliolate, blade similar to basal, gradually reduced in size as bract, distalmost ones subtending pedicels of flowers (usually simple); leaflet blade or bract linear to linear-oblanceolate, 0.2–0.8 cm. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
bracteate throughout. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 3–5 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals white, obovate, 8–14 × 4–7 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded or subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 4–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.2 mm. |
sepals oblong, (2–)3 × 0.7(–1) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals purple or pink, obovate, 6–9 × 3–4 mm, (not clawed); filaments: median pairs 3–3.5 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–1 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, 6–18 mm. |
divaricate-ascending, (10–)15–30(–45) mm. |
Fruits | linear, 2–4 cm × 1.5–2.2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1–5 mm. |
linear, (torulose), 2–3 cm × 1–1.5 mm; ovules 14–20 per ovary; style 2–4 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.8–2.2 × 1.2–1.5 mm. |
brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.2 × 1–1.5 mm, (winged distally). |
Cardamine rupicola |
Cardamine pattersonii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jul–Aug. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Limestone talus slopes, loose limey shale, moist banks | Moist mossy cliffs, rocky slopes, mossy banks |
Elevation | 2200-2700 m (7200-8900 ft) | 800-900 m (2600-3000 ft) |
Distribution |
MT |
OR
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Discussion | Cardamine rupicola is known from Flathead, Lewis and Clarke, and Missoula counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Cardamine pattersonii is known from Saddle Mountain and Onion Peak in Clastop County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 483. | FNA vol. 7, p. 480. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. californica var. rupicola, Dentaria rupicola | |
Name authority | (O. E. Schulz) C. L. Hitchcock: in C. L. Hitchcock et al., Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W. 2: 474. (1964) | L. F. Henderson: Rhodora 32: 25. (1930) |
Web links |