Cardamine purpurea |
Cardamine macrocarpa |
|
---|---|---|
purple bittercress |
largeseed bittercress |
|
Habit | Perennials; (often cespitose); hirsute. | Annuals; glabrous or sparsely puberulent. |
Rhizomes | vertical, 1–3 mm diam., (not fleshy). |
absent. |
Stems | (simple or few to several from base), usually erect, unbranched, (0.3–)0.5–1.2(–1.5) dm. |
(simple or several from base), erect or decumbent, (flexuous or straight, narrowly winged-angled), unbranched or branched distally, (1.4–)2–4.5(–5.3) dm. |
Basal leaves | sometimes rosulate, usually 3 or 5-foliolate, rarely simple, (1.5–)2.5–7 cm, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole (1.2–)2–5 cm; lateral lobes or leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, distinctly smaller; terminal lobe or leaflet petiolulate (0.05–0.6 cm), blade reniform or suborbicular to broadly ovate, 0.3–1 cm × 4–15 mm, base subcordate to rounded, margins entire, repand, or obscurely 2-toothed. |
(soon withered), not rosulate. |
Cauline leaves | 1–3, usually compound, rarely simple, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole (0.2–)0.5–2 cm, base not auriculate; similar to basal, smaller. |
3–9, middle ones 5–9-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 1–3 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade often smaller, with oblique base, distal leaflets subsessile, blade smaller and narrower distally; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.2–0.8 cm), blade usually broadly ovate to narrowly lanceolate, rarely oblong, 0.7–2 cm × 2–10 mm, base cuneate to rounded, margins repand, crenate, or 3-lobed. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate, (rachis slightly to strongly flexuous or geniculate). |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2–3(–4) × 1.4–1.7 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals usually purple to pink, rarely white, obovate, 5–7(–9) × 3–4(–5) mm, (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 2.5–3.5 mm, lateral pair 1.5–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.6–0.9 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2–3.5 × 0.7–1.2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, linear, 6–8 × 0.7–1 mm; filaments: median pairs 4–5 mm, lateral pair 3.5–4 mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–1 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | suberect, ascending, or divaricate, 5–12 mm, pubescent. |
horizontal to divaricate or ascending, (3–)4–9(–12) mm. |
Fruits | linear, 1.5–2.5 cm × 1.5–1.8 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1–2.5 mm. |
linear, (2.5–)3–4.6 cm × 1.7–2.1 mm; ovules 14–22 per ovary; style 1–3 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong to broadly ovoid, 1.7–2.1 × 1.4–1.7 mm. |
dark brown, oblong, 2–2.5 × 0.9–1.2 mm. |
2n | = 96. |
|
Cardamine purpurea |
Cardamine macrocarpa |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Sep. |
Habitat | Moist tundra, damp woods and ravines, alpine turf, river flats, peaty subarctic meadows, streamsides, moist slopes | Rock crevices and ledges, gravel bars of mountain streams, moist rocky stream banks, shaded loamy forest floors |
Elevation | 600-1800 m (2000-5900 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East) |
TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León) |
Discussion | Cardamine macrocarpa is known from the Chisos Mountains, Brewster County. The characters by which var. texana is said to differ from var. macrocarpa are artificially drawn, and the style length, presence or absence of indumentum on the pedicels, and degree of flexuosity of the raceme rachises do not correlate and can vary within a given area. For these reasons, we do not recognize infraspecific taxa in Cardamine macrocarpa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 483. | FNA vol. 7, p. 476. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. purpurea var. albiflora, C. purpurea var. albiflos, C. purpurea var. lactiflora | C. macrocarpa var. texana |
Name authority | Chamisso & Schlechtendal: Linnaea 1: 20. (1826) | Brandegee: Zoë 5: 233. (1906) |
Web links |