Cardamine penduliflora |
Cardamine pachystigma |
|
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wetlands bitter-cress, Willamette Valley bitter-cress |
rock toothwort, serpentine bittercress |
|
Habit | Perennials; glabrous throughout. | Perennials; glabrous. |
Rhizomes | (tuberiform, fragile), 4–9(–11) mm diam., (fleshy). |
ovoid to oblong, (3–)4–18 mm diam., (fleshy, deeply underground). |
Stems | erect or decumbent at base, unbranched, 2–6(–7.5) dm. |
erect, unbranched, 1–3 dm. |
Rhizomal leaves | 5–13-foliolate, (4–)10–18(–25) cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (3–)5–12(–17) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.4–0.7 cm), blade oblong to elliptic or ovate, (0.4–)0.7–1.7(–2) cm, base cuneate or obtuse, margins entire or obscurely 3-lobed. |
simple, 1.2–2.3 cm; petiole 6.7–19.5 cm; blade orbicular to reniform, or cordate to broadly ovate, 2.7–5.5 cm × 30–68 mm, base cordate to subtruncate, margins with obtuse teeth terminating in apiculae. |
Cauline leaves | 2–6, 5–11-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 3–10 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–1.5 cm), blade narrowly ovate or oblong to oblanceolate, 1.5–3.5 cm × 2–15 mm, margins entire or toothed to 3-lobed. |
2–5, (crowded distally), simple; petiole 0.3–2.6 cm, base not auriculate; blade similar to basal, 1.8–5.5 cm × 12–47mm, base cuneate or obtuse to subcordate, marginal teeth apiculate. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong to ovate, 3.5–5 × 1.8–2.5 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals white, obovate, 12–16 × 6–8 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded or subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 6–7 mm, lateral pair 4–5 mm; anthers oblong, 1.5–1.8 mm. |
sepals oblong, 4–7 × 2–2.5 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals usually pink or purple, rarely white, obovate to oblanceolate, 14–18 × 5–7 mm, (claw to 9 mm, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 7–8 mm, lateral pair 5.5–6.5 mm; anthers oblong, ca. 1.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, (10–)20–40(–60) mm. |
divaricate to ascending, 7–24 mm. |
Fruits | linear, 2.5–4.5 cm × 1.4–2 mm; ovules 12–24 per ovary; style 4–6 mm. |
linear, 3.2–5.4 cm × 2.2–4 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 4–7 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.8–2 × 1–1.5 mm. |
brown, broadly ovoid, 2–2.8 × 1.8–2.5 mm. |
Cardamine penduliflora |
Cardamine pachystigma |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Shallow pools, wet grounds, marshes, meadows, creeks, channels, swampy woods | Forests, lava slides, talus, cliffs |
Elevation | 50-150 m (200-500 ft) | 700-2900 m (2300-9500 ft) |
Distribution |
OR
|
CA
|
Discussion | Cardamine penduliflora is known from Douglas County north into Benton, Lane, Marion, Polk, and Yamhill counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Cardamine pachystigma is known from the disjunct counties of Plumas, Tehama, and Tulare. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 481. | FNA vol. 7, p. 480. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. rariflora | Dentaria californica var. pachystigma, C. californica var. pachystigma, Dentaria corymbosa var. grata, Dentaria pachystigma |
Name authority | O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 538. (1903) | (S. Watson) Rollins: Harvard Pap. Bot. 1(4): 45. (1993) |
Web links |