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Cardamine penduliflora

wetlands bitter-cress, Willamette Valley bitter-cress

Holmgren's bitter-cress

Habit Perennials; glabrous throughout. Perennials; glabrous throughout.
Rhizomes

(tuberiform, fragile), 4–9(–11) mm diam., (fleshy).

slender, 0.5–1 mm diam.

Stems

erect or decumbent at base, unbranched, 2–6(–7.5) dm.

erect to ascending, branched, 1.5–2 dm.

Rhizomal leaves

5–13-foliolate, (4–)10–18(–25) cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile;

petiole (3–)5–12(–17) cm;

lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller;

terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.4–0.7 cm), blade oblong to elliptic or ovate, (0.4–)0.7–1.7(–2) cm, base cuneate or obtuse, margins entire or obscurely 3-lobed.

Cauline leaves

2–6, 5–11-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile;

petiole 3–10 cm, base not auriculate;

lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller;

terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–1.5 cm), blade narrowly ovate or oblong to oblanceolate, 1.5–3.5 cm × 2–15 mm, margins entire or toothed to 3-lobed.

3 or 4, 3- or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate;

petiole 0.5–1.7 cm, base not auriculate;

lateral leaflet blade linear to linear-lanceolate, 0.9–1.5 cm × 1–3 mm, margins entire;

terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.3–0.5 cm), blade obovate to lanceolate (linear distally), 1.3–2.3 cm × 2–8 mm, base cuneate, margins entire or subapically 1- or 2-toothed.

Racemes

ebracteate.

ebracteate.

Flowers

sepals oblong to ovate, 3.5–5 × 1.8–2.5 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals white, obovate, 12–16 × 6–8 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded or subemarginate);

filaments: median pairs 6–7 mm, lateral pair 4–5 mm;

anthers oblong, 1.5–1.8 mm.

sepals oblong, 1.2–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals white, oblanceolate, 2–2.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded);

filaments: median pairs 1.5–1.8 mm, lateral pair 1–1.2 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending to divaricate, (10–)20–40(–60) mm.

ascending to suberect, 5–14 mm.

Fruits

linear, 2.5–4.5 cm × 1.4–2 mm;

ovules 12–24 per ovary;

style 4–6 mm.

linear, 1–2 cm × ca. 1 mm;

ovules 16–24 per ovary;

style 0.5–0.7 mm.

Seeds

brown, oblong, 1.8–2 × 1–1.5 mm.

brown, oblong, 1.2–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm.

Rhizomal

and basal leaves absent.

Cardamine penduliflora

Cardamine holmgrenii

Phenology Flowering Mar–May. Flowering Jul–Aug.
Habitat Shallow pools, wet grounds, marshes, meadows, creeks, channels, swampy woods Boggy slopes
Elevation 50-150 m (200-500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
OR
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Cardamine penduliflora is known from Douglas County north into Benton, Lane, Marion, Polk, and Yamhill counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Cardamine holmgrenii is known only from the type collection, from the Blue Mountains in Baker County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 481. FNA vol. 7, p. 475.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine
Sibling taxa
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. holmgrenii, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
Synonyms C. rariflora
Name authority O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 538. (1903) Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 275. (2007)
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