Cardamine pattersonii |
Cardamine occidentalis |
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Saddle Mountain bitter-cress |
big western bitter-cress, western bitter-cress, western toothwort |
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Habit | Annuals or perennials; (short-lived); glabrous throughout. | Perennials; glabrous or hirsute. |
Rhizomes | cylindrical, slender, 0.5–1.5 mm diam. |
(tuberiform, fragile), ovoid or globose at base of stem, 3–10 mm diam., (fleshy). |
Stems | (simple from base), erect, (not flexuous), unbranched or branched basally, 0.6–3 dm. |
(simple from base), erect to ascending, (not flexuous), unbranched or branched distally, 1–5 dm, glabrous or pubescent proximally. |
Basal leaves | rosulate or not, 3 or 5-foliolate, 1–6 cm, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 0.4–2.5 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, considerably smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.4 cm), blade obovate to orbicular or subcordate, 0.3–1.5(–2.0) cm × 2.5–16(–18) mm, base obtuse to rounded or cordate, margins entire or dentate to slightly sinuately lobed. |
not rosulate, pinnately compound, (3 or) 5 (or 7)-foliolate, 2–10 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.5–6.5 cm; lateral leaflets petiolulate or subsessile, blade similar to terminal, ovate, smaller, margins entire; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.03–0.18 cm), blade orbicular to broadly ovate or subcordate, 0.5–2 cm × 7–25 mm, base cordate to rounded, margins entire or repand, (surfaces glabrous). |
Cauline leaves | 2–4, 3 or 5-foliolate, blade similar to basal, gradually reduced in size as bract, distalmost ones subtending pedicels of flowers (usually simple); leaflet blade or bract linear to linear-oblanceolate, 0.2–0.8 cm. |
3–7, (3 or) 5 or 7-foliolate (middle ones 5 or 7-foliolate, smaller distally, becoming 3-foliolate), petiolate; petiole 0.5–3 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet blade obovate to oblanceolate, 0.5–2.6 cm × 3–13 mm, margins shallowly toothed, entire, or repand. |
Racemes | bracteate throughout. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, (2–)3 × 0.7(–1) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals purple or pink, obovate, 6–9 × 3–4 mm, (not clawed); filaments: median pairs 3–3.5 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–1 mm. |
sepals oblong, 1.7–2 × 1–1.2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 4–6 × 1.5–2 mm, (not clawed); filaments: median pairs 2–2.5 mm, lateral pair 1–1.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate-ascending, (10–)15–30(–45) mm. |
divaricate-ascending, 7–18 mm. |
Fruits | linear, (torulose), 2–3 cm × 1–1.5 mm; ovules 14–20 per ovary; style 2–4 mm. |
linear, (torulose), 1.5–3.3 cm × 1.7–2.2 mm; (valves glabrous or sparsely pubescent); ovules 18–40 per ovary; style 0.5–1.5 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.2 × 1–1.5 mm, (winged distally). |
brown, ovoid, 1–1.6 × 1–1.2 mm. |
2n | = 64. |
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Cardamine pattersonii |
Cardamine occidentalis |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Apr–Jul. |
Habitat | Moist mossy cliffs, rocky slopes, mossy banks | Muddy grounds, lake margins, shallow streams, meadows |
Elevation | 800-900 m (2600-3000 ft) | 150-1500 m (500-4900 ft) |
Distribution |
OR
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AK; CA; OR; WA; BC
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Discussion | Of conservation concern. Cardamine pattersonii is known from Saddle Mountain and Onion Peak in Clastop County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 480. | FNA vol. 7, p. 479. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. pratensis var. occidentalis, C. neglecta | |
Name authority | L. F. Henderson: Rhodora 32: 25. (1930) | (S. Watson) Howell: Fl. N.W. Amer., 50. (1897) |
Web links |
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