Cardamine nymanii |
Cardamine umbellata |
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cuckoo bitter-cress, lady smock, northern field bitter-cress |
Siberian bittercress, umbel bitter-cress, umbellate bittercress |
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Habit | Perennials; (cespitose); glabrous. | Perennials; usually glabrous. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
often elongated, usually slender, rarely thickened, 1–2(–5) mm diam., (not fleshy). |
Stems | erect, unbranched or, rarely, branched, 0.5–1.6(–3.5) dm. |
(simple or few to several from base), erect to ascending, (not flexuous), unbranched basally, sometimes branched distally, (0.3–)0.8–2.5(–3) dm. |
Basal leaves | (7 or) 9–21-foliolate, (thick, veins impressed); leaflets petiolulate or sessile; lateral lobes or leaflets similar to terminal; terminal lobe or leaflet blade orbicular, broadly ovate to lanceolate, base rounded to cuneate, margins usually entire. |
(sometimes withered by anthesis), rosulate, pinnately compound, (3 or) 5 or 7 (or 9)-foliolate, 2–5(–9) cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; lateral leaflets shortly petiolulate or subsessile, blade usually broadly ovate, rarely broadly obovate or orbicular, smaller than terminal, margins usually entire, rarely slightly 3 (or 5)-lobed or crenate; terminal leaflet subsessile, blade reniform or orbicular, 0.4–0.8(–1.2) cm × 5–9(–16) mm, margins entire or 3 (or 5)-lobed or crenate. |
Cauline leaves | 2–4(–7), pinnatisect or pinnately compound, (7 or) 9–21-foliolate, (thick, veins impressed), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole base not auriculate; lobes or leaflets (of proximal leaves) (4–)7–10 each side of rachis, fewer distally, distal leaves with 4 or 5 lobes or leaflets each side of rachis; terminal leaflet petiolulate or sessile, blade (or lobe) narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, base cuneate, margins entire. |
3–5(–7), 3–7 (or 9)-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets subsessile or sessile; base not auriculate; lateral leaflets: blade narrowly obovate, oblanceolate to linear, margins similar to terminal; terminal leaflet blade narrowly obovate, ovate, oblanceolate, lanceolate, oblong, margins usually entire, sometimes 3-lobed or crenate. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate, (subumbellate, 2–8(–14)-flowered, rachis usually 3–20 mm). |
Flowers | sepals oblong or ovate, 3.6–4.4 mm, lateral pair saccate basally, (green with hyaline margins); petals white-lilac, 9–12.3 × 4.8–6.8 mm, (clawed, apex rounded or emarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 0.9–1.4 mm. |
sepals (greenish or purplish), oblong, 1–2 × 0.5–1 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, narrowly obovate, 2.5–5 × 1–3 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | erect-ascending, 5–15 mm. |
suberect to ascending, 3–8(–10) mm. |
Fruits | linear, 1–1.8 cm × ca. 1.5 mm; ovules ca. 16 per ovary; style ca. 1 mm, (stout). |
linear, (torulose), (1.3–)1.8–2.5(–3) cm × 0.8–1.5(–2) mm; (valves glabrous or sparsely pubescent); style 0.5–2 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 mm. |
brown, oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm. |
2n | = 56, 60, 64, 80–100. |
= 32, 36, 48. |
Cardamine nymanii |
Cardamine umbellata |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Wet meadows, marshes, margins of ponds, along streams, seacoasts, swamps | Stream banks, tundra, alpine slopes, wetlands, damp, swampy and mossy areas, beach gravel and sand, alpine stream margins |
Elevation | 0-1800 m (0-5900 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; MB; NL; NT; NU; QC; YT; Greenland; n Eurasia
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AK; WA; AB; BC; NT; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East)
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Discussion | Recent molecular data (J. Lihová et al. 2006) indicate that Cardamine umbellata, often treated as a variety of C. oligosperma, represents a distinct lineage more closely related to taxa from New Zealand; this does not exclude C. oligosperma as one of the possible parents of this polyploid. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 478. | FNA vol. 7, p. 484. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. pratensis var. angustifolia | C. hirsuta subsp. kamtschatica, C. kamtschatica, C. oligosperma var. kamtschatica, C. sylvatica var. kamtschatica |
Name authority | Gandoger: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 72: 1043. (1925) | Greene: Pittonia 3: 154. (1897) |
Web links |