Cardamine nymanii |
Cardamine occidentalis |
|
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cuckoo bitter-cress, lady smock, northern field bitter-cress |
big western bitter-cress, western bitter-cress, western toothwort |
|
Habit | Perennials; (cespitose); glabrous. | Perennials; glabrous or hirsute. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
(tuberiform, fragile), ovoid or globose at base of stem, 3–10 mm diam., (fleshy). |
Stems | erect, unbranched or, rarely, branched, 0.5–1.6(–3.5) dm. |
(simple from base), erect to ascending, (not flexuous), unbranched or branched distally, 1–5 dm, glabrous or pubescent proximally. |
Basal leaves | (7 or) 9–21-foliolate, (thick, veins impressed); leaflets petiolulate or sessile; lateral lobes or leaflets similar to terminal; terminal lobe or leaflet blade orbicular, broadly ovate to lanceolate, base rounded to cuneate, margins usually entire. |
not rosulate, pinnately compound, (3 or) 5 (or 7)-foliolate, 2–10 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.5–6.5 cm; lateral leaflets petiolulate or subsessile, blade similar to terminal, ovate, smaller, margins entire; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.03–0.18 cm), blade orbicular to broadly ovate or subcordate, 0.5–2 cm × 7–25 mm, base cordate to rounded, margins entire or repand, (surfaces glabrous). |
Cauline leaves | 2–4(–7), pinnatisect or pinnately compound, (7 or) 9–21-foliolate, (thick, veins impressed), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole base not auriculate; lobes or leaflets (of proximal leaves) (4–)7–10 each side of rachis, fewer distally, distal leaves with 4 or 5 lobes or leaflets each side of rachis; terminal leaflet petiolulate or sessile, blade (or lobe) narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, base cuneate, margins entire. |
3–7, (3 or) 5 or 7-foliolate (middle ones 5 or 7-foliolate, smaller distally, becoming 3-foliolate), petiolate; petiole 0.5–3 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet blade obovate to oblanceolate, 0.5–2.6 cm × 3–13 mm, margins shallowly toothed, entire, or repand. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong or ovate, 3.6–4.4 mm, lateral pair saccate basally, (green with hyaline margins); petals white-lilac, 9–12.3 × 4.8–6.8 mm, (clawed, apex rounded or emarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 0.9–1.4 mm. |
sepals oblong, 1.7–2 × 1–1.2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 4–6 × 1.5–2 mm, (not clawed); filaments: median pairs 2–2.5 mm, lateral pair 1–1.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | erect-ascending, 5–15 mm. |
divaricate-ascending, 7–18 mm. |
Fruits | linear, 1–1.8 cm × ca. 1.5 mm; ovules ca. 16 per ovary; style ca. 1 mm, (stout). |
linear, (torulose), 1.5–3.3 cm × 1.7–2.2 mm; (valves glabrous or sparsely pubescent); ovules 18–40 per ovary; style 0.5–1.5 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 mm. |
brown, ovoid, 1–1.6 × 1–1.2 mm. |
2n | = 56, 60, 64, 80–100. |
= 64. |
Cardamine nymanii |
Cardamine occidentalis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Apr–Jul. |
Habitat | Wet meadows, marshes, margins of ponds, along streams, seacoasts, swamps | Muddy grounds, lake margins, shallow streams, meadows |
Elevation | 150-1500 m (500-4900 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; MB; NL; NT; NU; QC; YT; Greenland; n Eurasia
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AK; CA; OR; WA; BC
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 478. | FNA vol. 7, p. 479. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. pratensis var. angustifolia | C. pratensis var. occidentalis, C. neglecta |
Name authority | Gandoger: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 72: 1043. (1925) | (S. Watson) Howell: Fl. N.W. Amer., 50. (1897) |
Web links |
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