Cardamine nymanii |
Cardamine flagellifera |
|
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cuckoo bitter-cress, lady smock, northern field bitter-cress |
Blue Ridge bittercress |
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Habit | Perennials; (cespitose); glabrous. | Perennials; hirsute or pilose proximally, sparsely pubescent or glabrous distally. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
swollen, compact at stem base, (fleshy, stolons many, slender, ca. 1 mm diam., pubescent or glabrous). |
Stems | erect, unbranched or, rarely, branched, 0.5–1.6(–3.5) dm. |
erect, usually unbranched, rarely branched distally, 1–2.5 dm, sparsely to densely hirsute or pilose proximally, sparsely so or glabrous distally. |
Basal leaves | (7 or) 9–21-foliolate, (thick, veins impressed); leaflets petiolulate or sessile; lateral lobes or leaflets similar to terminal; terminal lobe or leaflet blade orbicular, broadly ovate to lanceolate, base rounded to cuneate, margins usually entire. |
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Rhizomal leaves | usually simple, rarely 3-foliolate, (3–)6–16 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (1.5–)4–13 cm; lateral leaflets subsessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade similar to terminal, much smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.5–2 cm), blade orbicular to reniform or broadly ovate, (1–)1.5–4.5 cm, base cordate, margins repand to coarsely crenate, (apiculate at vein endings, surfaces sparsely pubescent or glabrous). |
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Cauline leaves | 2–4(–7), pinnatisect or pinnately compound, (7 or) 9–21-foliolate, (thick, veins impressed), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole base not auriculate; lobes or leaflets (of proximal leaves) (4–)7–10 each side of rachis, fewer distally, distal leaves with 4 or 5 lobes or leaflets each side of rachis; terminal leaflet petiolulate or sessile, blade (or lobe) narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, base cuneate, margins entire. |
2–5, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.8–5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile or petiolulate (to 0.5 cm), blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.5–1.5 cm), blade broadly ovate to suborbicular, 1.5–4(–5) cm × 12–35 mm, margins repand to coarsely crenate or slightly lobed, (apiculate at vein endings, margins glabrous). |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong or ovate, 3.6–4.4 mm, lateral pair saccate basally, (green with hyaline margins); petals white-lilac, 9–12.3 × 4.8–6.8 mm, (clawed, apex rounded or emarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 0.9–1.4 mm. |
sepals (ascending) oblong, 3–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 5–6.5(–8) × 1.5–2.5 mm, (not clawed, apex obtuse to subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3 mm; anthers oblong, 1.2–1.6 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | erect-ascending, 5–15 mm. |
ascending to divaricate-ascending, 7–20 mm. |
Fruits | linear, 1–1.8 cm × ca. 1.5 mm; ovules ca. 16 per ovary; style ca. 1 mm, (stout). |
linear, 1.5–2.5 cm × 1–1.2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1.2–2.5 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 mm. |
brown, oblong, 1.2–1.7 × 0.8–1.1 mm. |
2n | = 56, 60, 64, 80–100. |
|
Cardamine nymanii |
Cardamine flagellifera |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Wet meadows, marshes, margins of ponds, along streams, seacoasts, swamps | Moist wooded slopes, gorges, wooded ravines, seepage places |
Elevation | 300-1000 m (1000-3300 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; MB; NL; NT; NU; QC; YT; Greenland; n Eurasia
|
GA; NC; SC; TN; WV |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 478. | FNA vol. 7, p. 474. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. pratensis var. angustifolia | C. flagellifera var. hugeri, C. hugeri |
Name authority | Gandoger: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 72: 1043. (1925) | O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 405. (1903) |
Web links |