Cardamine nymanii |
Cardamine bulbosa |
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cuckoo bitter-cress, lady smock, northern field bitter-cress |
bulb bittercress, bulbous bitter-cress, spring cress |
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Habit | Perennials; (cespitose); glabrous. | Perennials; glabrous or sparsely pubescent distally. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
(tuberous at stem base, sometimes also at intervals) subglobose, lobed, 4–15 mm diam. (fleshy). |
Stems | erect, unbranched or, rarely, branched, 0.5–1.6(–3.5) dm. |
erect, unbranched, (1–)2–6 dm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent on distal 1/2 (trichomes 0.02–0.1 mm). |
Basal leaves | (7 or) 9–21-foliolate, (thick, veins impressed); leaflets petiolulate or sessile; lateral lobes or leaflets similar to terminal; terminal lobe or leaflet blade orbicular, broadly ovate to lanceolate, base rounded to cuneate, margins usually entire. |
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Rhizomal leaves | simple, (2–)4–13(–16) cm; petiole (1.5–)2.5–10(–13) cm; blade usually reniform to cordate or ovate, rarely oblong, (1–)2–4(–6) cm, base obtuse to cordate, margins usually repand or entire, rarely shallowly dentate. |
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Cauline leaves | 2–4(–7), pinnatisect or pinnately compound, (7 or) 9–21-foliolate, (thick, veins impressed), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole base not auriculate; lobes or leaflets (of proximal leaves) (4–)7–10 each side of rachis, fewer distally, distal leaves with 4 or 5 lobes or leaflets each side of rachis; terminal leaflet petiolulate or sessile, blade (or lobe) narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, base cuneate, margins entire. |
(2–)4–10(–14), simple, petiolate or sessile; (middle ones) shortly petiolate or (distally) sessile, base not auriculate; blade ovate to oblong, or oblong-linear to lanceolate, 3–6(–9) cm × 10–30(–45) mm, margins entire, repand, or dentate (margins minutely pubescent). |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong or ovate, 3.6–4.4 mm, lateral pair saccate basally, (green with hyaline margins); petals white-lilac, 9–12.3 × 4.8–6.8 mm, (clawed, apex rounded or emarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 0.9–1.4 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2.5–4.5 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally, (glabrous); petals usually white, rarely pale pink, obovate, (6–)7–12(–16) × 3–5 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 4.5–7 mm, lateral pair 2–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | erect-ascending, 5–15 mm. |
ascending to divaricate, (10–)15–22(–30) mm. |
Fruits | linear, 1–1.8 cm × ca. 1.5 mm; ovules ca. 16 per ovary; style ca. 1 mm, (stout). |
linear, 2–3.5(–4) cm × 1.4–1.7 mm; ovules 14–24 per ovary; style 2–4(–5) mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 mm. |
dark orange to greenish yellow, oblong or globose, 1.7–2.1 × 1–1.4 mm. |
2n | = 56, 60, 64, 80–100. |
= 16, 56, 64, 80, 96, 112. |
Cardamine nymanii |
Cardamine bulbosa |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Wet meadows, marshes, margins of ponds, along streams, seacoasts, swamps | Wet grounds, low woodland, moss hummocks, alluvial woods, grassy floodplains, wet pastures, meadows, pinelands, creek bottoms, stream banks, sandy bottoms, ditches, mesic or wet forests, swamps, marshes, seepy bluffs |
Elevation | 0-900 m (0-3000 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; MB; NL; NT; NU; QC; YT; Greenland; n Eurasia
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AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; ON; QC
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 478. | FNA vol. 7, p. 469. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. pratensis var. angustifolia | Arabis bulbosa, Arabis rhomboidea, C. rhomboidea, C. rhomboidea var. hirsuta, C. rhomboidea var. parviflora, C. rhomboidea var. pilosa, Dentaria rhomboidea, Dracamine bulbosa |
Name authority | Gandoger: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 72: 1043. (1925) | (Schreber ex Muhlenberg) Britton: Prelim. Cat., 4. (1888) |
Web links |