The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

cuckoo bitter-cress, lady smock, northern field bitter-cress

Habit Perennials; (cespitose); glabrous. Perennials; usually glabrous throughout, rarely pilose.
Rhizomes

absent.

cylindrical, slender, 0.7–1.5 mm diam.

Stems

erect, unbranched or, rarely, branched, 0.5–1.6(–3.5) dm.

erect or ascending, unbranched, 0.5–2(–2.5) dm.

Basal leaves

(7 or) 9–21-foliolate, (thick, veins impressed);

leaflets petiolulate or sessile;

lateral lobes or leaflets similar to terminal;

terminal lobe or leaflet blade orbicular, broadly ovate to lanceolate, base rounded to cuneate, margins usually entire.

Rhizomal leaves

pinnately 5- or 7-foliolate, 2.5–12 cm (not fleshy), leaflets petiolulate;

petiole 1.5–4(–9) cm;

lateral leaflets similar to terminal, or smaller and margins usually toothed, rarely entire;

terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.15–0.3 cm) blade suborbicular to broadly obovate, 0.4–1.5 cm × 2.5–14 mm, base obtuse to subcordate, margins 3–5-toothed, (apiculate).

Cauline leaves

2–4(–7), pinnatisect or pinnately compound, (7 or) 9–21-foliolate, (thick, veins impressed), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile;

petiole base not auriculate;

lobes or leaflets (of proximal leaves) (4–)7–10 each side of rachis, fewer distally, distal leaves with 4 or 5 lobes or leaflets each side of rachis;

terminal leaflet petiolulate or sessile, blade (or lobe) narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, base cuneate, margins entire.

1–3, (3–)5-foliolate (alternate), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile;

petiole 0.2–2(–6.5) cm, base not auriculate;

lateral leaflets similar to terminal;

terminal leaflet subsessile or petiolulate (to 0.2 cm), blade obovate to oblanceolate, 0.5–1.5 cm × 3–10 mm, base cuneate, margins 3-toothed or entire.

Racemes

ebracteate.

ebracteate.

Flowers

sepals oblong or ovate, 3.6–4.4 mm, lateral pair saccate basally, (green with hyaline margins);

petals white-lilac, 9–12.3 × 4.8–6.8 mm, (clawed, apex rounded or emarginate);

filaments: median pairs 3.5–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm;

anthers narrowly oblong, 0.9–1.4 mm.

sepals oblong, 2–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally;

petals white, broadly obovate, 7–10 × 3–6 mm (clawed, apex rounded);

filaments: median pairs 3–4 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm;

anthers oblong, 1–1.5 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

erect-ascending, 5–15 mm.

erect to ascending, 0.7–22 mm.

Fruits

linear, 1–1.8 cm × ca. 1.5 mm;

ovules ca. 16 per ovary;

style ca. 1 mm, (stout).

linear, 1.6–4 cm × 1–1.3 mm;

ovules 14–24 per ovary;

style 0.7–3 mm.

Seeds

brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 mm.

brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm.

2n

= 56, 60, 64, 80–100.

= 28, 42.

Cardamine nymanii

Cardamine blaisdellii

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug. Flowering Jul–Aug.
Habitat Wet meadows, marshes, margins of ponds, along streams, seacoasts, swamps Moist streamsides, meadows, river gravel, mesic grounds, wet tundra, moist humus, scree slopes, calcareous fellfields
Elevation 50-1000 m (200-3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; MB; NL; NT; NU; QC; YT; Greenland; n Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; n Europe; e Europe (Russian Far East, Siberia)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Cardamine blaisdellii was treated by R. C. Rollins (1993) as a synonym of C. microphylla, but the morphological differences (see key) and molecular data (R. B. Jørgensen et al., 2008) clearly demonstrate that they are distinct.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 478. FNA vol. 7, p. 468.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine
Sibling taxa
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. holmgrenii, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. holmgrenii, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
Synonyms C. pratensis var. angustifolia C. microphylla subsp. blaisdellii, C. microphylla var. blaisdellii
Name authority Gandoger: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 72: 1043. (1925) Eastwood: Bot. Gaz. 33: 146. (1902)
Web links