Cardamine microphylla |
Cardamine rotundifolia |
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small-leaf bittercress |
American bittercress, mountain watercress |
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Habit | Perennials; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hirtellous. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | cylindrical, slender, 0.7–1.5 mm diam. |
slender, to 2 mm diam. |
Stems | erect or ascending, unbranched, 0.3–1.5(–2) dm. |
usually procumbent, sometimes erect, (not flexuous), unbranched or branched, (1–)1.5–3(–5) dm. |
Basal leaves | (soon withered), not rosulate. |
|
Rhizomal leaves | pinnately 5 or 7-foliolate, (1.3–)2.5–6.5 cm, (not fleshy), leaflets petiolulate; petiole (0.5–)1.5–5.5 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.15–0.7 cm), blade ovate to elliptic, (0.2–)0.4–1.2(–1.5) cm × (1–)2.5–6 mm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate). |
absent. |
Cauline leaves | 1–3, 5 or 7-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.2–1.5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal; terminal leaflet (subsessile or petiolule to 0.2 cm), blade ovate to elliptic, 0.6–1.3 × 0.1–0.7 cm, base cuneate, margins entire. |
simple, petiolate; petiole (0.3–)0.5–2.5(–4) cm, base not auriculate; blade oblong, ovate, suborbicular, or cordate, (0.5–)1–4.5(–5.5) cm × (5–)10–40(–54) mm, base cordate, rounded, or truncate, margins entire, repand, or sinuate, (distally with shorter petiole, blade smaller). |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals ovate to oblong, 3–4 × 1.8–2.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals usually white, rarely lavender, broadly obovate, 7–10 × 3–6 mm, (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 3–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.5 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2–3 × 1–1.7 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, broadly oblanceolate, spreading, 5–7(–8) × 2–3 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 3.5–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2.7–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.8–1.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | erect to ascending, 7–15(–25) mm. |
divaricate to ascending, (6–)10–15(–20) mm. |
Fruits | linear, 2–3 cm × 1.2–1.7 mm; ovules 12–16 per ovary; style 1–2 mm. |
linear, (torulose), 1–1.5(–2) cm × 0.8–1.1 mm; ovules 40–80 per ovary; style 1.5–2.5 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm. |
brown, oblong to ovoid, 0.9–1.1 × 0.5–0.6 mm. |
2n | = 28, 42, 64. |
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Cardamine microphylla |
Cardamine rotundifolia |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jul–Aug. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Streamsides, sand and cobbles on gravel bars, shale banks, floodplains, alluvial sand between cobbles, moist moss, turf, seepage areas, meadows, wet grounds | Stream banks, swamps, low woodland, wet rocky areas, seepage areas |
Elevation | 0-1600 m (0-5200 ft) | 150-400 m (500-1300 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; NT; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East, Siberia) |
DE; GA; KY; MD; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; TN; VA; WV
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 477. | FNA vol. 7, p. 483. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. minuta | Dentaria rotundifolia |
Name authority | Adams: Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 111. (1817) | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 30. (1803) |
Web links |