Cardamine microphylla |
Cardamine bulbosa |
|
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small-leaf bittercress |
bulb bittercress, bulbous bitter-cress, spring cress |
|
Habit | Perennials; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hirtellous. | Perennials; glabrous or sparsely pubescent distally. |
Rhizomes | cylindrical, slender, 0.7–1.5 mm diam. |
(tuberous at stem base, sometimes also at intervals) subglobose, lobed, 4–15 mm diam. (fleshy). |
Stems | erect or ascending, unbranched, 0.3–1.5(–2) dm. |
erect, unbranched, (1–)2–6 dm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent on distal 1/2 (trichomes 0.02–0.1 mm). |
Rhizomal leaves | pinnately 5 or 7-foliolate, (1.3–)2.5–6.5 cm, (not fleshy), leaflets petiolulate; petiole (0.5–)1.5–5.5 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.15–0.7 cm), blade ovate to elliptic, (0.2–)0.4–1.2(–1.5) cm × (1–)2.5–6 mm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate). |
simple, (2–)4–13(–16) cm; petiole (1.5–)2.5–10(–13) cm; blade usually reniform to cordate or ovate, rarely oblong, (1–)2–4(–6) cm, base obtuse to cordate, margins usually repand or entire, rarely shallowly dentate. |
Cauline leaves | 1–3, 5 or 7-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.2–1.5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal; terminal leaflet (subsessile or petiolule to 0.2 cm), blade ovate to elliptic, 0.6–1.3 × 0.1–0.7 cm, base cuneate, margins entire. |
(2–)4–10(–14), simple, petiolate or sessile; (middle ones) shortly petiolate or (distally) sessile, base not auriculate; blade ovate to oblong, or oblong-linear to lanceolate, 3–6(–9) cm × 10–30(–45) mm, margins entire, repand, or dentate (margins minutely pubescent). |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals ovate to oblong, 3–4 × 1.8–2.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals usually white, rarely lavender, broadly obovate, 7–10 × 3–6 mm, (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 3–4.5 mm, lateral pair 2–3 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.5 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2.5–4.5 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally, (glabrous); petals usually white, rarely pale pink, obovate, (6–)7–12(–16) × 3–5 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 4.5–7 mm, lateral pair 2–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | erect to ascending, 7–15(–25) mm. |
ascending to divaricate, (10–)15–22(–30) mm. |
Fruits | linear, 2–3 cm × 1.2–1.7 mm; ovules 12–16 per ovary; style 1–2 mm. |
linear, 2–3.5(–4) cm × 1.4–1.7 mm; ovules 14–24 per ovary; style 2–4(–5) mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm. |
dark orange to greenish yellow, oblong or globose, 1.7–2.1 × 1–1.4 mm. |
2n | = 28, 42, 64. |
= 16, 56, 64, 80, 96, 112. |
Cardamine microphylla |
Cardamine bulbosa |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jul–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Streamsides, sand and cobbles on gravel bars, shale banks, floodplains, alluvial sand between cobbles, moist moss, turf, seepage areas, meadows, wet grounds | Wet grounds, low woodland, moss hummocks, alluvial woods, grassy floodplains, wet pastures, meadows, pinelands, creek bottoms, stream banks, sandy bottoms, ditches, mesic or wet forests, swamps, marshes, seepy bluffs |
Elevation | 0-1600 m (0-5200 ft) | 0-900 m (0-3000 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; NT; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East, Siberia) |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; ON; QC
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 477. | FNA vol. 7, p. 469. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. minuta | Arabis bulbosa, Arabis rhomboidea, C. rhomboidea, C. rhomboidea var. hirsuta, C. rhomboidea var. parviflora, C. rhomboidea var. pilosa, Dentaria rhomboidea, Dracamine bulbosa |
Name authority | Adams: Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 111. (1817) | (Schreber ex Muhlenberg) Britton: Prelim. Cat., 4. (1888) |
Web links |