Cardamine longii |
Cardamine angustata |
|
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long's bitter-cress |
slender toothwort |
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Habit | Perennials; glabrous throughout. | Perennials; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent. |
Rhizomes | cylindrical, slender, 0.8–1.5 mm diam. |
(tuberiform, fragile) moniliform, segments fusiform, 3–6 mm diam. (fleshy). |
Stems | prostrate to decumbent or erect, unbranched or branched, 0.5–4(–6) dm. |
erect, unbranched, 1.2–3(–4) dm, glabrous or pubescent. |
Rhizomal leaves | absent. |
3-foliolate, to 24 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (3–)5–12(–16) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile or petiolulate (0.2–1 cm), blade similar to terminal leaflet or smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule) (0.2–)0.5–1.5(–2) cm, blade broadly ovate to rhombic-obovate, 1.5–6(–8) cm, base usually cuneate, rarely subtruncate, margins coarsely dentate to crenate or 3-lobed, surfaces puberulent or not. |
Cauline leaves | 3–10, usually simple, rarely 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate; petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.4–2.5 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets (when present) sessile or petiolulate (to 0.2 cm), blade similar to terminal, considerably smaller; terminal leaflet blade orbicular to reniform or ovate to oblong, 0.4–3 cm × 3–20 mm, (somewhat fleshy), base subcordate to rounded or subtruncate, margins entire or repand, rarely undulate, (apex rounded). |
2 (or 3), 3-foliolate (usually alternate, rarely opposite, different in morphology from rhizomal), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.5–2 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller, margins usually dentate, rarely entire; terminal leaflet sessile or petiolulate, blade narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 2–7 × 0.3–0.6 cm, margins minutely puberulent. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals ovate, 0.7–1.2 × 0.5–0.7 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals absent or rudimentary, to 0.7 mm; filaments 0.5–0.8 mm; anthers ovate, 0.1–0.2 mm. |
sepals oblong, 5–7.5 × 1–2 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals purple to pale pink, oblanceolate, 9–18 × 2–5 mm (clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 5–10 mm, lateral pair 3.5–8 mm; anthers linear, 1.5–3 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate-ascending to spreading, 0.5–2(–4) mm. |
ascending to divaricate, 15–40 mm. |
Fruits | narrowly oblong to linear, (3–)5–10(–15) × 0.8–1.2 mm; ovules 6–22 per ovary; style 0.2–0.5(–1) mm. |
linear, 2.5–4 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm; ovules 8–12 per ovary; style (5–)7–11 mm. |
Seeds | light or yellowish brown, oblong or ovoid, 1–1.4 × 0.7–1 mm. |
dark brown, oblong, 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = ca. 128. |
|
Cardamine longii |
Cardamine angustata |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Tidal marshes, mud flats, tidal shores of rivers, shallow water, swampy areas, shady rocky crevices covered at high tide | Moist woods, wooded ridges and bottomlands, floodplains, shady ravines, streambeds |
Elevation | 0-10 m (0-0 ft) | 300-1300 m (1000-4300 ft) |
Distribution |
FL; MA; MD; ME; NC; NJ; NY; SC; VA |
AL; AR; DC; DE; GA; IN; KY; MD; MS; NC; NJ; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion | Cardamine heterophylla (Nuttall) Alph. Wood (1870), not Host (1797) is an illegitimate name, sometimes found in synonymy with C. angustata. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 476. | FNA vol. 7, p. 467. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. angustata var. ouachitana, Dentaria heterophylla | |
Name authority | Fernald: Rhodora 19: 91. (1917) | O. E. Schulz: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 349. (1903) |
Web links |