Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine rupicola |
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narrow-leaf bitter-cress |
cliff bittercress |
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Habit | Biennials or, rarely, annuals; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent basally. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
cylindrical, slender, 1–2 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, (angled, sometimes flexuous), unbranched basally, usually branched distally, (1.2–)2–6.5(–9) dm. |
erect or decumbent at base, unbranched, 0.6–2 dm. |
Basal leaves | (often withered by flowering), rosulate, similar to cauline, with fewer distal leaflets. |
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Rhizomal leaves | palmately or subpalmately compound, 3 or 5 (or 7)-foliolate, 5.5–17(–22) cm, (fleshy), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 4–14(–17) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.5 cm), blade ovate to lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, 1–3 cm × 6–17 mm, base cuneate or obtuse, margins entire, (apiculate). |
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Cauline leaves | 9–24, (9–)13–25-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 2–6 cm, base auriculate (auricles to 10 × 2.2 mm); lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade often smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule to 0.5 cm), blade orbicular, obovate, ovate, or lanceolate, 1–4(–5) cm × 5–17 mm, margins entire or 3–5(–9)-toothed or -lobed. |
2 or 3, 3 or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 0.7–4(–8) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller; terminal leaflet petiolulate (0.1–0.5 cm), blade elliptic to oblong, or ovate, 1.2–3.5 cm × 4–25 mm, margins entire. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 1.2–2(–2.5) × 0.7–1(–1.2) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals (rarely absent), white, oblanceolate, 1.5–4(–5) × 0.6–1.2 mm; filaments 2–3(–4) mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
sepals oblong, 3–5 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals white, obovate, 8–14 × 4–7 mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded or subemarginate); filaments: median pairs 4–5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate or ascending, 3.5–12(–15) mm. |
ascending to divaricate, 6–18 mm. |
Fruits | linear, (torulose), (1–)1.6–3(–3.5) cm × 0.9–1.5 mm; (valves glabrous or, rarely, pilose); ovules 10–30 per ovary; style 0.6–1.6(–2) mm. |
linear, 2–4 cm × 1.5–2.2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 1–5 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (compressed, sometimes narrowly winged apically). |
brown, oblong, 1.8–2.2 × 1.2–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
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Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine rupicola |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Streamsides, slopes, roadsides, fields, disturbed areas | Limestone talus slopes, loose limey shale, moist banks |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | 2200-2700 m (7200-8900 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; KY; MI; MN; NH; OH; PA; VA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South Africa]
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MT |
Discussion | Cardamine rupicola is known from Flathead, Lewis and Clarke, and Missoula counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 476. | FNA vol. 7, p. 483. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. impatiens var. angustifolia | C. californica var. rupicola, Dentaria rupicola |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 655. (1753) | (O. E. Schulz) C. L. Hitchcock: in C. L. Hitchcock et al., Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W. 2: 474. (1964) |
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