Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine pattersonii |
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narrow-leaf bitter-cress |
Saddle Mountain bitter-cress |
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Habit | Biennials or, rarely, annuals; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent basally. | Annuals or perennials; (short-lived); glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
cylindrical, slender, 0.5–1.5 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, (angled, sometimes flexuous), unbranched basally, usually branched distally, (1.2–)2–6.5(–9) dm. |
(simple from base), erect, (not flexuous), unbranched or branched basally, 0.6–3 dm. |
Basal leaves | (often withered by flowering), rosulate, similar to cauline, with fewer distal leaflets. |
rosulate or not, 3 or 5-foliolate, 1–6 cm, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 0.4–2.5 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, considerably smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.1–0.4 cm), blade obovate to orbicular or subcordate, 0.3–1.5(–2.0) cm × 2.5–16(–18) mm, base obtuse to rounded or cordate, margins entire or dentate to slightly sinuately lobed. |
Cauline leaves | 9–24, (9–)13–25-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 2–6 cm, base auriculate (auricles to 10 × 2.2 mm); lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade often smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule to 0.5 cm), blade orbicular, obovate, ovate, or lanceolate, 1–4(–5) cm × 5–17 mm, margins entire or 3–5(–9)-toothed or -lobed. |
2–4, 3 or 5-foliolate, blade similar to basal, gradually reduced in size as bract, distalmost ones subtending pedicels of flowers (usually simple); leaflet blade or bract linear to linear-oblanceolate, 0.2–0.8 cm. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
bracteate throughout. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 1.2–2(–2.5) × 0.7–1(–1.2) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals (rarely absent), white, oblanceolate, 1.5–4(–5) × 0.6–1.2 mm; filaments 2–3(–4) mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
sepals oblong, (2–)3 × 0.7(–1) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals purple or pink, obovate, 6–9 × 3–4 mm, (not clawed); filaments: median pairs 3–3.5 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–1 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate or ascending, 3.5–12(–15) mm. |
divaricate-ascending, (10–)15–30(–45) mm. |
Fruits | linear, (torulose), (1–)1.6–3(–3.5) cm × 0.9–1.5 mm; (valves glabrous or, rarely, pilose); ovules 10–30 per ovary; style 0.6–1.6(–2) mm. |
linear, (torulose), 2–3 cm × 1–1.5 mm; ovules 14–20 per ovary; style 2–4 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (compressed, sometimes narrowly winged apically). |
brown, oblong to ovoid, 1.7–2.2 × 1–1.5 mm, (winged distally). |
2n | = 16. |
|
Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine pattersonii |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Streamsides, slopes, roadsides, fields, disturbed areas | Moist mossy cliffs, rocky slopes, mossy banks |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | 800-900 m (2600-3000 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; KY; MI; MN; NH; OH; PA; VA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South Africa]
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OR
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Discussion | Of conservation concern. Cardamine pattersonii is known from Saddle Mountain and Onion Peak in Clastop County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 476. | FNA vol. 7, p. 480. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. impatiens var. angustifolia | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 655. (1753) | L. F. Henderson: Rhodora 32: 25. (1930) |
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