Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine micranthera |
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narrow-leaf bitter-cress |
streambank bittercress |
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Habit | Biennials or, rarely, annuals; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent basally. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
(relatively short), 2–3 mm diam., (covered with extensive root system). |
Stems | erect, (angled, sometimes flexuous), unbranched basally, usually branched distally, (1.2–)2–6.5(–9) dm. |
erect to ascending, unbranched or branched distally, 0.9–4 dm. |
Basal leaves | (often withered by flowering), rosulate, similar to cauline, with fewer distal leaflets. |
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Rhizomal leaves | usually 3-foliolate, rarely simple, 1–8 cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole 0.5–5 cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, often minute; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.4–2 cm), blade orbicular to broadly ovate, 0.5–3 cm × 5–25 mm, base rounded, margins entire, repand, or dentate. |
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Cauline leaves | 9–24, (9–)13–25-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 2–6 cm, base auriculate (auricles to 10 × 2.2 mm); lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade often smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule to 0.5 cm), blade orbicular, obovate, ovate, or lanceolate, 1–4(–5) cm × 5–17 mm, margins entire or 3–5(–9)-toothed or -lobed. |
5–10, petiolate; middle leaves often simple, petiole 0.3–1.5 cm, blade rhombic to suborbicular or ovate, 1–3.5 cm × 6–22 mm, base obtuse to cuneate, margins entire, repand, or dentate; distal ones with shorter petiole, blade smaller. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 1.2–2(–2.5) × 0.7–1(–1.2) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals (rarely absent), white, oblanceolate, 1.5–4(–5) × 0.6–1.2 mm; filaments 2–3(–4) mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
sepals (ascending), oblong, 1.5–2.2 × 0.7–1 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals (somewhat spreading), white, oblanceolate, 3.5–5 × 1.2–1.8 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 2.5–3 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, ca. 0.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate or ascending, 3.5–12(–15) mm. |
divaricate, 9–17 mm. |
Fruits | linear, (torulose), (1–)1.6–3(–3.5) cm × 0.9–1.5 mm; (valves glabrous or, rarely, pilose); ovules 10–30 per ovary; style 0.6–1.6(–2) mm. |
linear, 0.8–1.6 cm × 0.8–1 mm; ovules 16–22 per ovary; style 1.2–1.8 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (compressed, sometimes narrowly winged apically). |
brown, oblong to ovoid, 0.9–1.2 × 0.6–0.8 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
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Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine micranthera |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Streamsides, slopes, roadsides, fields, disturbed areas | Wet grounds along streams, seepage, gravelly sandbars, moist crevices |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | |
Distribution |
CT; KY; MI; MN; NH; OH; PA; VA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South Africa]
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NC |
Discussion | Of conservation concern. Cardamine micranthera is known only from Stokes County. It is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 476. | FNA vol. 7, p. 477. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. impatiens var. angustifolia | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 655. (1753) | Rollins: Castanea 5: 87. (1940) |
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