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narrow-leaf bitter-cress

Holmgren's bitter-cress

Habit Biennials or, rarely, annuals; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent basally. Perennials; glabrous throughout.
Rhizomes

absent.

slender, 0.5–1 mm diam.

Stems

erect, (angled, sometimes flexuous), unbranched basally, usually branched distally, (1.2–)2–6.5(–9) dm.

erect to ascending, branched, 1.5–2 dm.

Basal leaves

(often withered by flowering), rosulate, similar to cauline, with fewer distal leaflets.

Cauline leaves

9–24, (9–)13–25-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate;

petiole 2–6 cm, base auriculate (auricles to 10 × 2.2 mm);

lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade often smaller;

terminal leaflet (petiolule to 0.5 cm), blade orbicular, obovate, ovate, or lanceolate, 1–4(–5) cm × 5–17 mm, margins entire or 3–5(–9)-toothed or -lobed.

3 or 4, 3- or 5-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate;

petiole 0.5–1.7 cm, base not auriculate;

lateral leaflet blade linear to linear-lanceolate, 0.9–1.5 cm × 1–3 mm, margins entire;

terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.3–0.5 cm), blade obovate to lanceolate (linear distally), 1.3–2.3 cm × 2–8 mm, base cuneate, margins entire or subapically 1- or 2-toothed.

Racemes

ebracteate.

ebracteate.

Flowers

sepals oblong, 1.2–2(–2.5) × 0.7–1(–1.2) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals (rarely absent), white, oblanceolate, 1.5–4(–5) × 0.6–1.2 mm;

filaments 2–3(–4) mm;

anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm.

sepals oblong, 1.2–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals white, oblanceolate, 2–2.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded);

filaments: median pairs 1.5–1.8 mm, lateral pair 1–1.2 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate or ascending, 3.5–12(–15) mm.

ascending to suberect, 5–14 mm.

Fruits

linear, (torulose), (1–)1.6–3(–3.5) cm × 0.9–1.5 mm; (valves glabrous or, rarely, pilose);

ovules 10–30 per ovary;

style 0.6–1.6(–2) mm.

linear, 1–2 cm × ca. 1 mm;

ovules 16–24 per ovary;

style 0.5–0.7 mm.

Seeds

brown, oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (compressed, sometimes narrowly winged apically).

brown, oblong, 1.2–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm.

Rhizomal

and basal leaves absent.

2n

= 16.

Cardamine impatiens

Cardamine holmgrenii

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering Jul–Aug.
Habitat Streamsides, slopes, roadsides, fields, disturbed areas Boggy slopes
Elevation 0-200 m (0-700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; KY; MI; MN; NH; OH; PA; VA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South Africa]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
OR
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Cardamine holmgrenii is known only from the type collection, from the Blue Mountains in Baker County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 476. FNA vol. 7, p. 475.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine
Sibling taxa
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. holmgrenii, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
C. angulata, C. angustata, C. bellidifolia, C. blaisdellii, C. breweri, C. bulbosa, C. californica, C. clematitis, C. concatenata, C. constancei, C. cordifolia, C. digitata, C. diphylla, C. dissecta, C. douglassii, C. flagellifera, C. flexuosa, C. hirsuta, C. impatiens, C. longii, C. macrocarpa, C. maxima, C. micranthera, C. microphylla, C. nuttallii, C. nymanii, C. occidentalis, C. oligosperma, C. pachystigma, C. parviflora, C. pattersonii, C. penduliflora, C. pensylvanica, C. pratensis, C. purpurea, C. rotundifolia, C. rupicola, C. umbellata
Synonyms C. impatiens var. angustifolia
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 655. (1753) Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 275. (2007)
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