Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine dissecta |
|
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narrow-leaf bitter-cress |
forkleaf toothwort |
|
Habit | Biennials or, rarely, annuals; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent basally. | Perennials; glabrous throughout. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
(tuberiform, fragile), moniliform, segments oblong, 3–5 mm diam., (fleshy). |
Stems | erect, (angled, sometimes flexuous), unbranched basally, usually branched distally, (1.2–)2–6.5(–9) dm. |
erect, unbranched, 1–3.5 dm. |
Basal leaves | (often withered by flowering), rosulate, similar to cauline, with fewer distal leaflets. |
|
Rhizomal leaves | palmately compound (biternate), 7–20 cm, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 4–13 cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule 1–3(–4) cm), blade ternately or pinnately lobed, (distal segment) linear, 0.7–3.5 cm × 0.6–3 mm, base attenuate to cuneate, margins entire (apiculate). |
|
Cauline leaves | 9–24, (9–)13–25-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 2–6 cm, base auriculate (auricles to 10 × 2.2 mm); lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade often smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule to 0.5 cm), blade orbicular, obovate, ovate, or lanceolate, 1–4(–5) cm × 5–17 mm, margins entire or 3–5(–9)-toothed or -lobed. |
(2 or) 3, palmately compound (biternate, similar to rhizomal leaves, alternate to subopposite), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole (0.5–)1–4(–5.5) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets similar to terminal; terminal leaflet (petiolule (0.3–)0.7–1.5(–2.5) cm), blade (ternate, distal segment) linear, (0.4–)1.5–5(–6.5) cm × 0.7–4(–6) mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins entire. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 1.2–2(–2.5) × 0.7–1(–1.2) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals (rarely absent), white, oblanceolate, 1.5–4(–5) × 0.6–1.2 mm; filaments 2–3(–4) mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
sepals oblong, 4–6 × 1.5–2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white to pale pink, oblanceolate, 9–15 × 2–4 mm, (not clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 6–7.5 mm, lateral pair 3–5 mm; anthers linear, 1.5–2.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate or ascending, 3.5–12(–15) mm. |
ascending to divaricate, 10–25(–35) mm. |
Fruits | linear, (torulose), (1–)1.6–3(–3.5) cm × 0.9–1.5 mm; (valves glabrous or, rarely, pilose); ovules 10–30 per ovary; style 0.6–1.6(–2) mm. |
linear-lanceolate, 2–3.5 cm × 1.5–2 mm; ovules 10–14 per ovary; style 4–7(–10) mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (compressed, sometimes narrowly winged apically). |
brown, oblong, 1.5–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
= 64, 112. |
Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine dissecta |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Streamsides, slopes, roadsides, fields, disturbed areas | Oak-hickory woods, moist loamy areas, floodplain woods, bluffs, rocky calcareous woods, limestone slopes, along streams |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; KY; MI; MN; NH; OH; PA; VA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South Africa]
|
AL; GA; IN; KY; NC; OH; TN
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 476. | FNA vol. 7, p. 473. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. impatiens var. angustifolia | Dentaria dissecta, C. angustata var. multifida, C. laciniata subsp. multifida, Dentaria furcata, Dentaria heterophylla var. multifida, Dentaria laciniata var. multifida, Dentaria multifida |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 655. (1753) | (Leavenworth) Al-Shehbaz: J. Arnold Arbor. 69: 82. (1988) |
Web links |