Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine breweri |
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narrow-leaf bitter-cress |
Brewer's bitter-cress, round bittercress |
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Habit | Biennials or, rarely, annuals; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent basally. | Perennials; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent basally. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
cylindrical, slender (rarely slightly thickened at stem base), 1–3(–4) mm diam. |
Stems | erect, (angled, sometimes flexuous), unbranched basally, usually branched distally, (1.2–)2–6.5(–9) dm. |
erect or decumbent basally, unbranched or branched, (0.6–)1.5–6(–7) dm. |
Basal leaves | (often withered by flowering), rosulate, similar to cauline, with fewer distal leaflets. |
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Rhizomal leaves | absent. |
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Cauline leaves | 9–24, (9–)13–25-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 2–6 cm, base auriculate (auricles to 10 × 2.2 mm); lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade often smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule to 0.5 cm), blade orbicular, obovate, ovate, or lanceolate, 1–4(–5) cm × 5–17 mm, margins entire or 3–5(–9)-toothed or -lobed. |
3–8(–11), 3 or 5-foliolate (rarely only terminal leaflet present), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (0.7–)1–4(–6) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets (when present) subsessile or petiolulate (to 0.4 cm), blade similar to terminal, often much smaller and narrower than terminal; terminal leaflet (petiolule 0.4–1.6 cm), blade usually ovate to orbicular, rarely subcordate, 1.5–4(–5) cm × 15–35(–50) mm, base truncate, rounded, or cordate, margins crenate, dentate, sinuate, or to 11-lobed. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 1.2–2(–2.5) × 0.7–1(–1.2) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals (rarely absent), white, oblanceolate, 1.5–4(–5) × 0.6–1.2 mm; filaments 2–3(–4) mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2–3(–3.8) × 1–1.5 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals white, oblanceolate, 3.5–6(–7) × 1.5–2.5(–3) mm (not clawed, apex rounded or ± emarginate); filaments: median pairs 2.5–3.5 mm, lateral pair 2–2.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–1 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate or ascending, 3.5–12(–15) mm. |
ascending to divaricate-ascending, (7–)10–20 mm. |
Fruits | linear, (torulose), (1–)1.6–3(–3.5) cm × 0.9–1.5 mm; (valves glabrous or, rarely, pilose); ovules 10–30 per ovary; style 0.6–1.6(–2) mm. |
linear, 1.5–3.5 cm × 1–1.5 mm; ovules 14–28 per ovary; style 0.2–1.5(–2.5) mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (compressed, sometimes narrowly winged apically). |
brown, oblong, 1–1.6 × 0.9–1.1 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
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Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine breweri |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Streamsides, slopes, roadsides, fields, disturbed areas | Stream banks, seepage, lakeshores, creeks, wet meadows, swamps, ponds |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | 1200-3000 m (3900-9800 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; KY; MI; MN; NH; OH; PA; VA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South Africa]
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CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 476. | FNA vol. 7, p. 469. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. impatiens var. angustifolia | C. breweri var. leibergii, C. breweri var. orbicularis, C. breweri var. oregana, C. callosicrenata, C. foliacea, C. hederifolia, C. leibergii, C. modocensis, C. orbicularis, C. oregana, C. vallicola, C. vallicola subsp. leibergii |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 655. (1753) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 10: 339. (1875) |
Web links |
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