Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine angulata |
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narrow-leaf bitter-cress |
angle bitter-cress, angle-leaf bitter-cress, seaside bitter-cress |
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Habit | Biennials or, rarely, annuals; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent basally. | Perennials; glabrous or sparsely pubescent. |
Rhizomes | absent. |
cylindrical, slender, to 2 mm diam. |
Stems | erect, (angled, sometimes flexuous), unbranched basally, usually branched distally, (1.2–)2–6.5(–9) dm. |
erect, unbranched, (1.5–)2.5–8.5(–10) dm, sparsely to densely hirsute at base. |
Basal leaves | (often withered by flowering), rosulate, similar to cauline, with fewer distal leaflets. |
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Rhizomal leaves | 3 (or 5)-foliolate, (4–)7–20(–22) cm, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (2–)4–12(–14) cm; lateral leaflets subsessile, blade similar to terminal, larger or smaller in size; terminal leaflet petiolulate [(0.3–)0.5–1.5 cm], blade ovate to broadly lanceolate, 1.5–7(–9) cm, base usually cuneate, rarely subreniform or obtuse, margins 3–5(–7)-lobed or -toothed, surfaces puberulent. |
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Cauline leaves | 9–24, (9–)13–25-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate; petiole 2–6 cm, base auriculate (auricles to 10 × 2.2 mm); lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade often smaller; terminal leaflet (petiolule to 0.5 cm), blade orbicular, obovate, ovate, or lanceolate, 1–4(–5) cm × 5–17 mm, margins entire or 3–5(–9)-toothed or -lobed. |
(3 or) 4–8, 3 (or 5)-foliolate, petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or sessile; petiole 1–4 cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, smaller, margins usually dentate, rarely entire; terminal leaflet sessile or petiolulate, blade broadly ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 2–7 cm × 6–40 mm, margins minutely pubescent. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 1.2–2(–2.5) × 0.7–1(–1.2) mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals (rarely absent), white, oblanceolate, 1.5–4(–5) × 0.6–1.2 mm; filaments 2–3(–4) mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2.5–4 × 1.3–2 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals usually white, rarely pinkish, obovate, 8–15 × 4–8 mm (clawed, apex rounded or emarginate); filaments: median pairs 3.5–6 mm, lateral pair 2–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.8–1.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate or ascending, 3.5–12(–15) mm. |
ascending to divaricate, (9–)12–25 mm. |
Fruits | linear, (torulose), (1–)1.6–3(–3.5) cm × 0.9–1.5 mm; (valves glabrous or, rarely, pilose); ovules 10–30 per ovary; style 0.6–1.6(–2) mm. |
linear, 1.5–3.2 cm × 1.4–2 mm; ovules 10–16 per ovary; style (0.5–)1–4 mm. |
Seeds | brown, oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.8–1 mm, (compressed, sometimes narrowly winged apically). |
dark brown, oblong, 1.8–2.3 × 1–1.2 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
= 40. |
Cardamine impatiens |
Cardamine angulata |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Streamsides, slopes, roadsides, fields, disturbed areas | Moist ground, stream banks, swampy or damp woods, thickets, wet meadows |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | 0-900 m (0-3000 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; KY; MI; MN; NH; OH; PA; VA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South Africa]
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AK; CA; OR; WA; BC
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 476. | FNA vol. 7, p. 467. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Cardamine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. impatiens var. angustifolia | C. angulata var. alba, C. angulata var. hirsuta, C. angulata var. pentaphylla, Dentaria grandiflora |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 655. (1753) | Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 44. (1829) |
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